Broadly speaking, App Actions do not have a voice conversation experience. There are some tricks you can pull that might head in that direction, but they are largely outside of the App Action Widget experience itself.
Can I respond with a widget showing that there are multiple matches?
Yes, you can send back a Control Widget that might allow them to choose which user they mean.
Can they speak which user?
Probably not in the way you're thinking. To use your example, they can re-invoke the CREATE_CALL BII using any of the phrases, but you can't prompt them with "Who did you mean, exactly?" and for them to just say the name.
Can I use the SpeechRecognizer API?
Not as part of a widget.
Widgets get embedded in the conversation with the Assistant.
In theory (and this is on my list to eventually test and figure out), you should be able to deep link to an Android Intent in cases such as this and open a view. While there, you could use SpeechRecognizer or just open the microphone to send audio somewhere. But this isn't done using the Widget itself.
In this scenario, SpeechRecognizer just does the Speech To Text (STT) or Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) part of the processing. To actually match this up to phrases to determine an Intent, you would need a Natural Language Understanding (NLU) module such as Dialogflow. (But you may not need the SpeechRecognizer in that particular case, since Dialogflow can also take an audio stream to do the ASR part for you.)