How can I implement an algorithm for a matrix where each cell can have one of two values, with hints

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Firstly, sorry for the vagueness of the title.

I don't know if there is a name for this sort of algorithm.

I am interested in finding out how this scenario could be implemented.

Say I have a matrix (columns and rows) where each "cell" can have one of two values ("on" and "off").

Each cell's "background" should also display a number that tells how many of the adjacent cells are "on".

For example, if every cell should be "on":

A B C A B C
4 6 4 --> on on on
6 9 6 on on on
4 6 4 on on on

This is pretty simple to implement. The question is: what's the minimal amount of tips I can have, and how can I implement this?

In this same example, it would be enough to have:

A B C A B C
--> on on on
9 on on on
on on on

It can get trickier:

A B C A B C
--> on ? off
4 1 on ? off
on ? off

In this last example, the matrix would be larger and have other hints that later on would help determine the remaining cells.

So how can this be achieved?

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