What does git remote command 'set-branches' do?

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That was introduced with Git v1.7.2-rc0 in May 2010, commit 3d8b694 with the comment:

Add git remote set-branches

Add ‘git remote set-branches’ for changing the list of tracked refs for a remote repository with one "porcelain-level" command.
This complements the longstanding ‘git remote add --track’ option.

The interface is based on the ‘git remote set-url’ subcommand.

git remote set-branches base --add C
git remote set-branches base A B D
git remote set-branches base --delete D; # not implemented

So instead of the default glob refspec for the remote to track all branches under the refs/remotes/<name>/ namespace, a refspec is updated to track only <branch>

git remote add -t main o2 https://github.com/git/git

Would give:

[remote "o2"]
        url = https://github.com/git/git
        fetch = +refs/heads/main:refs/remotes/o2/main

Instead of:

    fetch = +refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/*

Adding a branch would be:

   git remote set-branches o2 --add master
[remote "o2"]
        url = https://github.com/git/git
        fetch = +refs/heads/main:refs/remotes/o2/main
        fetch = +refs/heads/main:refs/remotes/o2/master
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