I have been using PHP to post photos to my Facebook page for a couple of years.
I have set up an Instagram app with the instagram_content_publish permission but I cannot seem to translate the FB documentation into working PHP.
My FB post to a page works like this but I'm not a good-enough coder to figure out what to tweak to post the same photo to Instagram:
require_once 'facebook-sdk/autoload.php';
$fb = new Facebook\Facebook([
'app_id' => 'xxx',
'app_secret' => 'yyy',
'default_graph_version' => 'v2.9',
]);
try
{
$args = array(
$access_token' => $page_token,
'url' => $urlofexistingphoto,
'caption' => 'Caption #instagram'
);
$post_id = $f->api("/$page_id/photos","post",$args);
} catch (FacebookApiException $e)
{
error_log($e);
echo "Didn't work: $e\n";
}