I have been trying to install an .ipa file into my physical iOS device using Ad Hoc distribution (without having to upload to App Store or TestFlight) but unfortunately I have been stuck with a few errors, for example: This app could not be installed because its integrity could not be verified.
Took me a while to find this out. There were a lot of references to using iTunes, which is no longer available, and no references to using Finder, or alternatively Apple Configurator 2.
.xcarchive): Select the target device (e.g. arm64/ a physical iPhone 12) and archive the app: Product > ArchiveOrganizers window, click Distribute App, and select Ad Hoc. Continue with the defaults options or customise to your liking. This should create a folder containing a .ipa file.As Paulw11 said in the comments, you can do this in Finder. Select the device in Finder and drag the .ipa file onto the device details.
.ipa file found in the exported directory in finder (exported from Xcode) onto the iOS screen inside the Apple Configurator 2 window, and the iOS app will be installed:
Finally, you should see this step, and the application will be available on your home screen.
Command line: As How to install an ipa/app file into iPhone with command line? states, if you have Apple Configuration 2 installed, you can open it and click "Apple Configurator 2" on Menu Bar, and install Automation tools. Then, cfgutil is available to you,
cfgutil install-app ipa-file.ipa