ggplot2 does not plot multiple groups of a variable, only plots one line

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I would like to make a plot with multiple lines corresponding to different groups of variable "Prob" (0.1, 0.5 and 0.9) using ggplot. Although that, when I run the code, it only plots one line instead of 3. Thanks for the help :)

Here my code:

Prob <- c(0.1,0.1,0.1,0.1,0.1,0.1,0.1,0.1,0.1,0.1,0.1,0.1,0.1,0.1,0.1,0.1,0.1,0.1,0.1,0.1,0.1,0.1,0.1,0.1,0.1,0.1,0.1,0.1,0.1,0.1,0.1,0.1,0.1,0.1,0.1,0.1,0.1,0.5,0.5,0.5,0.5,0.5,0.5,0.5,0.5,0.5,0.5,0.5,0.5,0.5,0.5,0.5,0.5,0.5,0.5,0.5,0.5,0.5,0.5,0.5,0.5,0.5,0.5,0.5,0.5,0.5,0.5,0.5,0.5,0.5,0.5,0.5,0.5,0.5,0.9,0.9,0.9,0.9,0.9,0.9,0.9,0.9,0.9,0.9,0.9,0.9,0.9,0.9,0.9,0.9,0.9,0.9,0.9,0.9,0.9,0.9,0.9,0.9,0.9,0.9,0.9,0.9,0.9,0.9,0.9,0.9,0.9,0.9,0.9,0.9,0.9)

nit <- c(0.9,0.902777775,0.90555555,0.908333325,0.9111111,0.913888875,0.91666665,0.919444425,0.9222222,0.924999975,0.92777775,0.930555525,0.9333333,0.936111075,0.93888885,0.941666625,0.9444444,0.947222175,0.94999995,0.952777725,0.9555555,0.958333275,0.96111105,0.963888825,0.9666666,0.969444375,0.97222215,0.974999925,0.9777777,0.980555475,0.98333325,0.986111025,0.9888888,0.991666575,0.99444435,0.997222125,0.9999999,0.9,0.902777775,0.90555555,0.908333325,0.9111111,0.913888875,0.91666665,0.919444425,0.9222222,0.924999975,0.92777775,0.930555525,0.9333333,0.936111075,0.93888885,0.941666625,0.9444444,0.947222175,0.94999995,0.952777725,0.9555555,0.958333275,0.96111105,0.963888825,0.9666666,0.969444375,0.97222215,0.974999925,0.9777777,0.980555475,0.98333325,0.986111025,0.9888888,0.991666575,0.99444435,0.997222125,0.9999999,0.9,0.902777775,0.90555555,0.908333325,0.9111111,0.913888875,0.91666665,0.919444425,0.9222222,0.924999975,0.92777775,0.930555525,0.9333333,0.936111075,0.93888885,0.941666625,0.9444444,0.947222175,0.94999995,0.952777725,0.9555555,0.958333275,0.96111105,0.963888825,0.9666666,0.969444375,0.97222215,0.974999925,0.9777777,0.980555475,0.98333325,0.986111025,0.9888888,0.991666575,0.99444435,0.997222125,0.9999999)

greek <- log((1-Prob)/Prob)/-10
italian <- ((0.997-nit)/(0.997-0.97))^3 
Temp<-c(rep(25,111))
GT <- ((30-Temp)/(30-3.3))^3
GH <- 1-GT-italian
acid <- (-1*(((sign(GH)*(abs(GH)^(1/3)))*(7-5))-7))
Species<-c(rep("Case",111))
data <- as.data.frame(cbind(Prob,greek,GT,GH,italian, Temp,acid,nit, Species))
ggplot()  +
        geom_line(data = data, aes_string(x = acid, y = nit, group = Prob, color = factor(Prob)), size = 0.8)
ggplot2 r
1 Answers

The answer seems to be kind of two parts:

  1. In your data frame data, the columns that should be numeric are not numeric.
  2. The reason why you only see one line.

Fixing the Data Frame and Using aes() in place of aes_string()

I noticed something was odd when you had as.data.frame(cbind(... to make your data frame and are using aes_string(.. within the ggplot portion. If you do a quick check on data via str(data), you'll see all of your columns in data are characters, whereas in the environment the data prepared in the code for their respective columns are numeric. Ex. acid is numeric, yet data$acid is a character.

The reason for this is that you're binding the columns into a data frame by using as.data.frame(cbind(.... This results in all data being coerced into a character, so you loose the numeric nature of the data. This is also why you have to use aes_string(...) to make it work instead of aes(). To bind vectors together into a data frame, use data.frame(..., not as.data.frame(cbind(....

To fix all this, bind your columns together like this + the ggplot code:

data <- data.frame(Prob,greek,GT,GH,italian, Temp,acid,nit, Species)
# data <- as.data.frame(cbind(Prob,greek,GT,GH,italian, Temp,acid,nit, Species))

ggplot()  +
  geom_line(data=data, aes(x = acid, y = nit, group = Prob, color = factor(Prob)), size = 0.8)

enter image description here

Why is there only one line?

The simple answer to why you only see one line is that the line for each of the values of data$Prob is equal. What you see is the effect of overplotting. It means that the line for data$Prob == 0.1 is the same line when data$Prob == 0.5 and data$Prob = 0.9.

To demonstrate this, let's separate each. I'm going to do this realizing that Prob could be created by repeating 0.1, 0.5, and 0.9 each 37 times in a row. I'll create a factor that I'll use as multiplication factor for data$nit that will result in separating our our lines:

my_factor <- rep(c(1,1.1,1.5), each=37)  # our multiplication fractor
data$nit <- data$nit * my_factor   # new nit column

# same plot code
ggplot()  +
      geom_line(data=data, aes(x = acid, y = nit, group = Prob, color = factor(Prob)), size = 0.8)

enter image description here

There ya go. We have all lines there, you just could not see them due to overplotting. You can convince yourself of this without the multiplication business and the original data by comparing the plots for each data$Prob:

# use original dataset as above
ggplot()  +
  geom_line(data=data, aes(x = acid, y = nit, group = Prob, color = factor(Prob)), size = 0.8) +
  facet_wrap(~Prob)

enter image description here

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