How to pass TD id through POST via form

I have a small problem. I have this in my code:

    <td id="def1s"></td>
    <td id="def1r"></td>
    <td id="def1g"></td>
    <td id="def1m"></td>

where the id's are populated through AJAX when i change select (dropdown).

Now i want to pass the id's to database when i press Save Changes button on the form.

I figured out i can't pass id value's through POST, neither can i use "name=". How can i make it possible to send the value's given after changing select via POST to database?

EDIT

Thanks for the input so far, i tried some things, but i guess it's a bit more complicated...

in html i have this:

<select class="form-control" id="weapon" name="weapon">
        <option value="<?= $general['weapongear']; ?>"><?= $general['weapongear']; ?></option>
    <?php foreach($gearweapons as $gearweapon): ?>
        <option value="<?= $gearweapon['ID']; ?>"><?= $gearweapon['gearname']; ?></option>
    <?php endforeach; ?>
</select>
<table class="table table-dark table-striped">
<thead>
  <tr>
    <th></th>
    <th>Siege</th>
    <th>Ranged</th>
    <th>Ground</th>
    <th>Mount</th>
  </tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
  <tr>
    <td>ATT</td>
    <td id="att1s"></td>
    <td id="att1r"></td>
    <td id="att1g"></td>
    <td id="att1m"></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>DEF</td>
    <td id="def1s"></td>
    <td id="def1r"></td>
    <td id="def1g"></td>
    <td id="def1m"></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>HP</td>
    <td id="hp1s"></td>
    <td id="hp1r"></td>
    <td id="hp1g"></td>
    <td id="hp1m"></td>
  </tr>
</tbody>
</table>

Where all those id's are populated on select change:

$("#weapon").change(function() {
    //get the selected value
    var valweapon = this.value;
    //make the ajax call
    $.ajax({
        url: '/ajax/gear_ajax.php',
        type: 'POST',
        data: {field : 'ID', value: valweapon},
        success: function(data) {
          document.getElementById("att1s").innerText = data['atts'];
          document.getElementById("att1r").innerText = data['attr'];
          document.getElementById("att1g").innerText = data['attg'];
          document.getElementById("att1m").innerText = data['attm'];
          document.getElementById("def1s").innerText = data['defs'];
          document.getElementById("def1r").innerText = data['defr'];
          document.getElementById("def1g").innerText = data['defg'];
          document.getElementById("def1m").innerText = data['defm'];
          document.getElementById("hp1s").innerText = data['hps'];
          document.getElementById("hp1r").innerText = data['hpr'];
          document.getElementById("hp1g").innerText = data['hpg'];
          document.getElementById("hp1m").innerText = data['hpm'];
        }
    });
});

This is how the result looks like:

When i click submit button, all the values in the table should be update to database, regardless there is a value or it is NULL