The problem is it doesn't compile.
Looks like there is no such a syntax.
But the corresponding proposal is marked as accepted.
And they use the syntax in several trusted articles: for example here and in this video.
The exact code from video above doesn't compile:
import Foundation
let scores = [100, 80, 85]
let passCount = scores.count { $0 >= 85 }
Error:
Cannot call value of non-function type 'Int'