You can use getMainMenuItems callback to customize the column menu content. The example below demonstrates how you can add a list of user provided column settings in the generalMenuTab. You can also update the value of some of the column settings here using GridApi.setColumnDefs() and see the result immediately.

getMainMenuItems = (params: GetMainMenuItemsParams) => {
  const { api, columnApi } = params;
  const menuItems = [] as MenuItemDef[];
  const colDef = params.column.getColDef();
  const userProvidedColDefKeys = Object.keys(colDef);

  userProvidedColDefKeys.forEach((key) => {
    const value = colDef[key];
    const menuItem: MenuItemDef = { name: key };
    const updateColDef = (key: string, value: any) => {
      const colDefs = api?.getColumnDefs();
      const newColDefs = colDefs?.map((c) => {
        const newColDef = {};

        Object.keys(c).forEach((key) => {
          if (userProvidedColDefKeys.includes(key)) {
            newColDef[key] = c[key];
          }
        });
        if (c.field === colDef.field) {
          newColDef[key] = value;
        }
        return newColDef;
      });
      api?.setColumnDefs(newColDefs);
    };

    if (typeof value === "boolean") {
      menuItem.subMenu = [
        {
          name: "Yes",
          checked: value,
          action: () => updateColDef(key, true)
        },
        {
          name: "No",
          checked: !value,
          action: () => updateColDef(key, false)
        }
      ];
    } else if (typeof value === "number") {
      if (key === "flex") {
        menuItem.subMenu = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4].map((flex) => ({
          name: flex.toString(),
          checked: flex === value,
          action: () => updateColDef(key, flex)
        }));
      } else if (
        key === "width" ||
        key === "minWidth" ||
        key === "maxWidth"
      ) {
        menuItem.subMenu = [50, 100, 200, 300, 500].map((width) => ({
          name: width.toString(),
          checked: width === value,
          action: () => updateColDef(key, width)
        }));
      }
    }

    menuItems.push(menuItem);
  });

  return menuItems;
};

Usage

<AgGridReact
  getMainMenuItems={this.getMainMenuItems}
  {...}
/>

Live Demo