How to give more weightage for one attributes in DSL query search string

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Below is the sample data in elasticsearch

   PUT /data/test/1
 {
       "id": "Accounting 101",
       "room": "E3",
       "professor": {
           "name": "Thomas Baszo",
           "email": "baszot@onuni.com"
           },
       "students_enrolled": 27,
       "course_description": " financial statements"
   }
   
   PUT /data/test/2
   {
       "name": "Accounting 101",
       "room": "E3",
       "professor": {
           "name": "Sachin Baszo",
           "email": "baszot@onuni.com"
           },
       "students_enrolled": 27, 
       "course_description": "Thomas  Thomas Thomas Thomas "
   }

Below is the query

GET /_search
{
  "query": {
    "query_string": {
      "query": "(*Thomas*)"
    }
  }
}

My output will show second document as first as it contains "Thomas" 4 times in the description

  • I need to give more weightage to professor.name it should show first check if not then check "professor.email" then check other attributes

Python

es.search(index="data", body={"query": {"query_string": {"query": "(*Thomas*)"}}})

elasticsearch dsl python
1 Answers

It is not recommended to use query_string, as mentioned in the ES official documentation:

Because it returns an error for any invalid syntax, we don’t recommend using the query_string query for search boxes.

If you don’t need to support a query syntax, consider using the match query. If you need the features of a query syntax, use the simple_query_string query, which is less strict.

You can use Boost where

Individual fields can be boosted automatically — count more towards the relevance score — at query time

Adding a working example with index mapping, search query, and search result

Index Mapping:

{
    "mappings": {
        "properties": {
            "professor": {
                "properties": {
                    "name": {
                        "type": "text",
                        "boost": 2
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

Search Query:

 {
  "query": {
    "multi_match" : {
      "query": "Thomas", 
      "fields": [ "course_description", "professor.name" ] 
    }
  }
}

Search Result:

"hits": [
            {
                "_index": "stof_63933144",
                "_type": "_doc",
                "_id": "1",
                "_score": 1.3862942,     <-- note this
                "_source": {
                    "id": "Accounting 101",
                    "room": "E3",
                    "professor": {
                        "name": "Thomas Baszo",
                        "email": "baszot@onuni.com"
                    },
                    "students_enrolled": 27,
                    "course_description": " financial statements"
                }
            },
            {
                "_index": "stof_63933144",
                "_type": "_doc",
                "_id": "2",
                "_score": 1.1090355,   <-- note this
                "_source": {
                    "name": "Accounting 101",
                    "room": "E3",
                    "professor": {
                        "name": "Sachin Baszo",
                        "email": "baszot@onuni.com"
                    },
                    "students_enrolled": 27,
                    "course_description": "Thomas  Thomas Thomas Thomas "
                }
            }
        ]

Update 1:

Search query for searching for Thomas OR Sachin

 {
      "query": {
        "multi_match" : {
          "query": "(Thomas) OR (Sachin)", 
          "fields": [ "course_description", "professor.name" ] 
        }
      }
    }

Update 2:

Multi match query using "operator":"OR"

{
  "query": {
    "multi_match" : {
      "query": "Thomas Sachin", 
      "fields": [ "course_description", "professor.name" ] ,
      "operator":"OR",
      "type":"cross_fields"
    }
  }
}
user_103487580
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