How do I rerun a successful azure devops YAML pipeline stage, and any stages that follow?

I made a test using this build configuration:

stages:
- stage: Test
  jobs:
  - job: A
    steps:
    - bash: echo "A"

- stage: DeployUS1
  dependsOn: Test    # this stage runs after Test
  jobs:
  - job: A
    steps:
    - bash: echo "A"
    - powershell: Invoke-WebRequest -URI https://some-endpoint.free.beeceptor.com/my/api/some

- stage: DeployUS2
  dependsOn: Test    # this stage runs in parallel with DeployUS1, after Test
  jobs:
  - job: A
    steps:
    - bash: echo "A"

- stage: DeployEurope
  dependsOn:         # this stage runs after DeployUS1 and DeployUS2
  - DeployUS1
  - DeployUS2
  jobs:
  - job: A
    steps:
    - bash: echo "A"

I made stage DeployUS1 failing by returning 404 from https://some-endpoint.free.beeceptor.com/my/api/some, and thus:

When I fixed this by changing mock rules to return 200 and I reran failing jobs I got DeployUS1 and next stage DeployEurope executed:

This works as you expected and docs says:

You can now retry a pipeline stage when the execution fails. Any jobs that failed in the first attempt and those that depend transitively on those failed jobs are all re-attempted.

So if you observed different than this it may be caused by misssing dependency:

stages:
- stage: FunctionalTest
  jobs:
  - job:
    ...

- stage: AcceptanceTest
  dependsOn: []    # this removes the implicit dependency on previous stage and causes this to run in parallel
  jobs:
  - job:
    ...

I reran Test which passed and it triggered next stages:

When DeployUS1 and DeployUS2 finished DeployEurope started autmatically:

If you click on your stage box on the main pipeline window, you will see an up and down arrow. Click on this to expand the stage and then there is a button to re-run the stage. You could always grab the requests it sends (f12) if you need to do this programatically.