SQL Collation Not Displaying Correctly

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I've asked this question before, but the post was marked as duplicate to this question and deleted.

I've read the post intensively and tried all the things suggested. Unfortunately the post didn't solve the problem I'm currently having. The notice on the deleted question referred me to asking a new question.

Original question:

I recently moved to a different hosting provider with the database backup of the previous provider.

Somehow the database values are not displaying correctly anymore.

For example, different languages like 信長の野望・創造 パワーアップキット will output as ä¿¡é•·ã®é‡Žæœ›ãƒ»å‰µé€ .

Trademark icons in titles such as ™ will be displayed as â„¢.

What can I do to fix this? Considering the database is 1:1, I have no idea what the problem is here.


What I've done

  • My whole database is set to latin1_swedish_ci. I've changed it to utf8mb4_unicode_ci. This didn't make any changes.

  • I've specified charset=utf8mb4 in the PDO mysql connection DSN.

  • I've set the default charset to UTF8.

Is there anything I've missed/can do to fix this?


Small update: uploading the database to my local database does seem to output them correctly, which is a 1:1 installation. This is very frustrating.

  • Webpage has UTF8 encoding tag.
  • PHP info shows webpage is displayed in UTF8.

31-7-2020:

Running query

SHOW SESSION VARIABLES LIKE 'character_set_%'; SHOW SESSION VARIABLES LIKE 'collation_%';

gave me the following results:

"character_set_client"  "utf8mb4"
"character_set_connection"  "utf8mb4"
"character_set_database"    "utf8mb4"
"character_set_filesystem"  "binary"
"character_set_results" "utf8mb4"
"character_set_server"  "utf8mb4"
"character_set_system"  "utf8"
"character_sets_dir"    "/usr/share/mysql/charsets/"

"collation_connection"  "utf8mb4_general_ci"
"collation_database"    "utf8mb4_unicode_ci"
"collation_server"  "utf8mb4_unicode_ci"

Running query SET character_set_results = NULL; SET character_set_results = binary; didn't gave any results.

5 Answers
  1. Changing the collation or character set in database does NOT change existing column & tables collation settings. Similarly, changing character set of a column does NOT change the existing data in the columns. See what each column is set to use. Start from there.

    select COLUMN_NAME, CHARACTER_SET_NAME, COLLATION_NAME from information_schema.columns

  2. In your mysql client, run the following to see what's the connection settings are

    SHOW SESSION VARIABLES LIKE 'character_set_%'; SHOW SESSION VARIABLES LIKE 'collation_%';

  3. In your mysql client, you can ask server not to do any conversion and see if that helps (i.e. do a SELECT on the table and see how it looks).

    SET character_set_results = NULL; SET character_set_results = binary;

See here for more details

https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/charset-connection.html

try this =

1- select database => Operations => Collation = utf8mb4

2- execute this = mysql_query("SET CHARACTER SET utf8");

3- write in your header = header('Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8');

4- convert all charachter to normal charachter =

alter proc dbo.specialcharacterreplacer

@tblname varchar(1000),
@column_name varchar(1000)

as
begin

--declare @obj VARCHAR(MAX),
--set @obj= 'select *from INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS where TABLE_NAME = '@tblname''
--exec @obj


declare @Sql VARCHAR(MAX)
set @Sql = '
UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''ó'''+ ', '+'''o'''+') 
UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''ò'''+ ', '+'''o'''+') 
UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''ö'''+ ', '+'''o'''+') 
UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''ð'''+ ', '+'''o'''+') 
UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''ô'''+ ', '+'''o'''+') 
UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''õ'''+ ', '+'''o'''+') 
UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''ó'''+ ', '+'''o'''+') 
UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''ó'''+ ', '+'''o'''+') 

update ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''×'''+ ', '+'''x'''+') 
UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''f'''+ ', '+'''f'''+') 

UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''Ò'''+ ', '+'''O'''+') 
UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''Ó'''+ ', '+'''O'''+') 
UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''Ô'''+ ', '+'''O'''+') 
UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''Õ'''+ ', '+'''O'''+') 
UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''Ö'''+ ', '+'''O'''+') 

UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''ñ'''+ ', '+'''n'''+') 
UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''Ñ'''+ ', '+'''N'''+')

UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''è'''+ ', '+'''e'''+') 
UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''é'''+ ', '+'''e'''+') 
UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''ê'''+ ', '+'''e'''+') 
UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''ë'''+ ', '+'''e'''+') 

UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''È'''+ ', '+'''E'''+') 
UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''É'''+ ', '+'''E'''+') 
UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''Ê'''+ ', '+'''E'''+') 
UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''Ë'''+ ', '+'''E'''+') 

UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''á'''+ ', '+'''a'''+') 
UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''ã'''+ ', '+'''a'''+') 
UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''â'''+ ', '+'''a'''+') 
UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''à'''+ ', '+'''a'''+') 
UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''ä'''+ ', '+'''a'''+') 
UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''å'''+ ', '+'''a'''+') 
UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''ª'''+ ', '+'''a'''+') 
UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''æ'''+ ', '+'''ae'''+') 

UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''À'''+ ', '+'''A'''+') 
UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''Á'''+ ', '+'''A'''+') 
UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''Â'''+ ', '+'''A'''+') 
UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''Ã'''+ ', '+'''A'''+') 
UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''Å'''+ ', '+'''A'''+') 
UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''Ä'''+ ', '+'''A'''+') 
UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''Æ'''+ ', '+'''A'''+') 
UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''æ'''+ ', '+'''AE'''+') 

UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''ù'''+ ', '+'''u'''+') 
UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''ú'''+ ', '+'''u'''+') 
UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''û'''+ ', '+'''u'''+') 
UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''ü'''+ ', '+'''u'''+') 
UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''µ'''+ ', '+'''u'''+') 
UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''Ù'''+ ', '+'''U'''+') 
UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''Ú'''+ ', '+'''U'''+') 
UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''Û'''+ ', '+'''U'''+') 
UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''Ü'''+ ', '+'''U'''+') 

UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''Ý'''+ ', '+'''Y'''+') 
UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''Ÿ'''+ ', '+'''Y'''+') 
UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''ÿ'''+ ', '+'''y'''+') 
UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''ý'''+ ', '+'''y'''+') 
UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''þ'''+ ', '+'''þ'''+') 

UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''Ç'''+ ', '+'''C'''+') 
UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''ç'''+ ', '+'''c'''+') 
UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''œ'''+ ', '+'''ce'''+') 
UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''Œ'''+ ', '+'''CE'''+') 

UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''Ì'''+ ', '+'''I'''+') 
UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''Í'''+ ', '+'''I'''+') 
UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''Î'''+ ', '+'''I'''+') 
UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''Ï'''+ ', '+'''I'''+') 
UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''ì'''+ ', '+'''i'''+') 
UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''í'''+ ', '+'''i'''+') 
UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''î'''+ ', '+'''i'''+') 
UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''ï'''+ ', '+'''i'''+') 

UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''Ð'''+ ', '+'''D'''+') 
UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''Þ'''+ ', '+'''D'''+') 
UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''ß'''+ ', '+'''B'''+') 
UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''Š'''+ ', '+'''S'''+') 
UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''š'''+ ', '+'''s'''+') 
UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''§'''+ ', '+'''S'''+') 
UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''½'''+ ', '+'''1/2'''+') 
UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''¼'''+ ', '+'''1/4'''+') 
UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''¾'''+ ', '+'''3/4'''+') 

UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''©'''+ ', '+'''Copyright '''+') 
UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''®'''+ ', '+'''Registered trademark  '''+') 
UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''‰'''+ ', '+'''%'''+') 
UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''¿'''+ ', '+'''?'''+') 
UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''º'''+ ', '+'''0'''+') 
UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''¹'''+ ', '+'''1'''+') 
UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''²'''+ ', '+'''2'''+') 
UPDATE ' + @tblname + ' SET ' + @column_name+ ' = REPLACE('+@column_name + ', ' + '''³'''+ ', '+'''3'''+') 
 
' -- add your special character here inside 
exec (@sql)
end

go
EXEC dbo.specialcharacterreplacer @tblname = 'insert tablename here', @column_name ='insert columnname  here'

This is not the file or database. The "bug" is set when you first connect to the MySQL server.

When you connect to the MySQL server you need to provide an encoding, otherwise the server falls back to a default, which is: latin1

So, instead of connecting like this:

mysql -p -u someuser -h somehost

Make sure to connect like this:

mysql --default-character-set=utf8 -p -u someuser -h somehost

Once you have connected like this, you need to re-import your entire database.

I usually do it as follows:

cat mysqldumpfile.sql | mysql --default-character-set=utf8 -p -u someuser -h somehost myDatabase

These 12 hex characters E4BFA1 E995B7 E381AE E9878E, when treated as MySQL's CHARACTER SET utf8 (or utf8mb4), will display as 信長の野. If treated as latin1, it displays as ä¿¡é•·ã®é‡Ž. The term for this is Mojibake.

This tells me that probably the problem is on the output side of things. But please provide SELECT HEX(col)... from your table. It should give you E4..., but it might give you C3A4C2BFC2A1C3A9E280A2C2B7C3A3C281C2AEC3A9E280A1C5BD. In this case, you have a different problem -- namely "double encoding", which happened on the input side. Or possibly when converting. Double encoding is especially nasty in that it shows correctly while being stored incorrectly.

Go here to see some more on Mojibake and double encoding.

Similarly ™ (E284A2) --> â„¢, which might actually be stored as C3A2E2809EC2A2.

"Webpage has UTF8 encoding tag." -- Good. But browsers tend to be forgiving. That is, the browser might see the double encoding and "fix" it for you on the screen.

http://mysql.rjweb.org/doc.php/charcoll#fixes_for_various_cases provides fixes for various cases, but first you need to carefully decide which case you really have.

For me none of the above worked well

$conn->set_charset('utf8mb4'); //worked

$conn->query('set character_set_results=utf8'); //not worked

and diamonds turned into to proper characters.

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