How can I change text color of items in safe area in React Native?

You could try Status bar's props barStyle like this:

import { StatusBar } from 'react-native';
...
<StatusBar barStyle="light-content" /> //or "dark-content" 
...

DOC example

I think you should use StatusBar - a react native base component to change your item color. https://reactnative.dev/docs/statusbar#barstyle