Greek letters in chunk are not shown properly

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I have created an r chunk in an r markdown document, in which I have calculated some parameter values that I am required to find for a homework. Now I would like for my knitted PDF-document to show the sentence "Our estimate of $\beta_1$ is -0.2186". However, the portion of the code for the greek letter beta ($\beta_1$) is being shown in the PDF the same way it's written here, not as the actual greek letter.

I have already tried installing LaTeX-packages in the document header (e.g. \usepackage{mathtools}), which made no difference.

cigs_mean <- mean(smoke$cigs) #find y-bar
educ_mean <- mean(smoke$educ) #find x-bar
beta1_hat <- (cov(smoke$educ,smoke$cigs))/(var(smoke$educ)) #find beta1-hat
beta0_hat <- (cigs_mean-(beta1_hat*educ_mean)) #find beta0-hat

print(paste0("Our estimate of $\beta_1$ is ", round(beta1_hat, digits=4)))

I just want for the document to show a greek letter beta with subscript 1, rather than replicating the code I have written ($\beta_1$)

r-markdown r
1 Answers

Backslashes in R character strings have a special meaning as escape characters, and must themselves be escaped. Otherwise, your string '$\beta$' is read by R as '$' ‹backspace› 'e' 't' 'a' '$'.

Furthermore, print is the wrong function to use here: its purpose is to provide output in the interactive R console, never for actual output to a document. Use cat instead.

Finally, if you haven’t already done so, you need to tell knitr to interpret the results of this code chunk as-is instead of rendering them as a result:

```{r results = 'asis'}
…
cat(paste0("Our estimate of $\\beta_1$ is ", round(beta1_hat, digits=4), "\n"))
```
user_19680
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