react-router-dom useParams() inside class component

user_229656 0
Viewed 97693

I'm trying to load a details view based on a react-router-dom route that should grab the URL parameter (id) and use that to further populate the component.

My route looks like /task/:id and my component loads fine, until I try to grab the :id from the URL like so:

import React from "react";
import { useParams } from "react-router-dom";

class TaskDetail extends React.Component {
    componentDidMount() {
        let { id } = useParams();
        this.fetchData(id);
    }

    fetchData = id => {
        // ...
    };

    render() {
        return <div>Yo</div>;
    }
}

export default TaskDetail;

This triggers the following error and I'm unsure where to correctly implement useParams().

Error: Invalid hook call. Hooks can only be called inside of the body of a function component.

The docs only show examples based on functional components, not class based.

react-router reactjs
15 Answers

Version <= 5:

You can use withRouter to accomplish this. Simply wrap your exported classed component inside of withRouter and then you can use this.props.match.params.id to get the parameters instead of using useParams(). You can also get any location, match, or history info by using withRouter. They are all passed in under this.props

Using your example it would look like this:

import React from "react";
import { withRouter } from "react-router";

class TaskDetail extends React.Component {
    componentDidMount() {
        const id = this.props.match.params.id;
        this.fetchData(id);
    }

    fetchData = id => {
        // ...
    };

    render() {
        return <div>Yo</div>;
    }
}

export default withRouter(TaskDetail);

Simple as that!

user_117553750 
import React, { Component } from "react";
import { useParams } from "react-router-dom";

function withParams(Component) {
  return props => <Component {...props} params={useParams()} />;
}


class TaskDetail extends React.Component {
    componentDidMount() {
        let { id } = this.props.params;
        this.fetchData(id);
    }

    fetchData = id => {
        // ...
    };

    render() {
        return <div>Yo</div>;
    }
}

export default withParams(TaskDetail);
user_177391240

Since hooks wont work with class based components you can wrap it in a function and pass the properties along:

class TaskDetail extends React.Component {
    componentDidMount() {
        const { id } = this.props.params;
        // ...
    }
}

export default (props) => (
    <TaskDetail
        {...props}
        params={useParams()}
    />
);

But, like @michael-mayo said, I expect this is what withRouter is already performing.

user_20018410

Params get passed down through props on the match object. 

props.match.params.yourParams

source: https://redux.js.org/advanced/usage-with-react-router

Here is an example from the docs destructing the props in the arguments.

const App = ({ match: { params } }) => {
  return (
    <div>
      <AddTodo />
      <VisibleTodoList filter={params.filter || 'SHOW_ALL'} />
      <Footer />
    </div>
  )
}
user_122712790

You can not call a hook such as "useParams()" from a React.Component.

Easiest way if you want to use hooks and have an existing react.component is to create a function then call the React.Component from that function and pass the parameter.

import React from 'react';
import useParams from "react-router-dom";

import TaskDetail from './TaskDetail';

function GetId() {

    const { id } = useParams();
    console.log(id);

    return (
        <div>
            <TaskDetail taskId={id} />
        </div>
    );
}

export default GetId;

Your switch route will still be something like

<Switch>
  <Route path="/task/:id" component={GetId} />
</Switch>

then you will be able to get the id from from the props in your react component

this.props.taskId
user_80203230

React Route v5

Query params can be read and processed as JSON using withRouter and queryString as follow:

import React from "react";
import { withRouter } from "react-router";
import queryString from 'query-string';
    
class MyComponent extends React.Component {
    componentDidMount() {
        const params = queryString.parse(this.props.location.search);
        console.log('Do something with it', params);
    }

    render() {
        return <div>Hi!</div>;
    }
}

export default withRouter(MyComponent);
user_109477940

In react-router-dom-v6 you can easily use useParams() in functional components but when it gets to the class component you have to create HOC (higher-order component) because hooks don't support class components:

import { useNavigate, useParams } from "react-router-dom";

export const withRouter = (WrappedComponent) => (props) => {
  const params = useParams();
  const navigate = useNavigate();

  return <WrappedComponent {...props} params={params} navigate={navigate} />;
};

Then export your component from your HOC and give your component as a parameter. like below:

export default withRouter(YourComponentName);

After that you can easily access the url id with this.props.params.id and you can navigate to other components with this.props.navigate("/YourPath")

user_79414830

SmujMaiku is rigth!!! His answer works perfectly. This is how work today with react-router v6

enter code here
   
   import React ,{Component} from 'react'
   import {  useParams } from "react-router-dom";
  import PokeDescription from '../components/PokeDescription'

 class PokeInfoConteiner extends Component{

 render(){
    
    let urlPokemon= "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/PokeAPI/sprites/master/sprites/pokemon/"
    
    
    const {idPokemon} = this.props.params 
    console.log(idPokemon)

    return(
        
        <div>
            <PokeDescription pokeImage={`${urlPokemon}${idPokemon}.png?raw=true`}/>
            <p>{}</p>
            
        </div>

    )

}

}

   export default (props) => (
        <PokeInfoConteiner
            {...props}
            params={useParams()}
   />)
user_170464070

in React Router V6 :

import React, {Component} from 'react';
import {useParams} from 'react-router-dom';

/* This is a higher order component that 
*  inject a special prop   to our component.
*/ 
function withRouter(Component) {
  function ComponentWithRouter(props) {
    let params = useParams()
    return <Component {...props} params={params} />
  }
  return ComponentWithRouter
}
class TaskDetail extends React.Component {
    state={
      id : ""
    }
    componentDidMount() {
      this.setState({
        id : this.props.params.id
      })
    }
    static getDerivedStateFromProps(nextProps) {
      return {
        id : nextProps.params.id
      }
    }
    fetchData = id => {
        // ...
    };

    render() {
        return <div>Yo</div>;
    }
}


const HOCTaskDetail = withRouter(TaskDetail);

export default HOCTaskDetail;
user_176150780

In react-router-dom v6, there is no hook such as withRouter therefore my advice to you is to convert your class-based component to a functional component to use useParams hook in your component otherwise you can create a higher-order component to pass your class-based component.

user_87253950

React Route v6

My friends, I tried to use in class but I failed to find any doc about it. So after many hours of searching and trying hard this is (in function). Now (i.e when I'm writing this post) there is only limited resource about v6. But there are many for <v6.

Here I'm using useState,useEffect,useParams,axios.

import React, { useState, useEffect } from 'react';
import { useParams } from 'react-router-dom';
import axios from 'axios';

const Post = () => {
    let { post_id } = useParams();
    const [posts, setPosts] = useState({ post: null, countSecrets: 0, ui: '' });

    useEffect(() => {
        if (posts.countSecrets === 0) {
            const doAxe = (a) => {
                axios.get('https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/posts/' + post_id)
                    .then((res) => {
                        setPosts(s => ({ ...s, value: res.data }));
                        doUI(res.data)
                        // console.log(res.data)
                    });
            }
            setPosts(s => ({ ...s, countSecrets: s.countSecrets + 1 }));
            doAxe()
        }
    }, [posts, post_id]);
    let doUI = (x) => {
        // console.log('x' + x.title)
        const finalPost = (x !== null) ? (
            <div className="post">
                <h4 className="center">{x.title}</h4>
                <p>{x.body}</p>
            </div>
        ) : (
            <div className="center">Loading posts...</div>
        );
        setPosts(s => ({ ...s, ui: finalPost }));
    }
    return (
        <div className="container">
            {posts.ui}
        </div>
    );
}

export default Post;

NOTE: I faced useEffect looping. I prevented it with a key.

HOPE: This may help someone!

Reference:

user_6245330

as you know the useParams() is a hook for react-router-dom. you can not use this inside the componentDidMount() or useEffect() because both of them are method that called during the Mounting phase of the React Life-cycle i.e after the component is rendered. you have a solution: create or define another function outside the componentDidMount() to define useParams then call it inside the componentDidMount. know every thing will be ok.

user_170870500

This is my working example. :)

import React, { Component } from "react";
import { useParams } from "react-router-dom";

function withParams(Component) {
  return (props) => <Component {...props} params={useParams()} />;
}

class ProductDetails extends Component {
  handleSave = () => {
    // Navigate to /products
  };

  render() {
    return (
      <div>
        <h1>Product Details - {this.props.params.id}</h1>
        <button onClick={this.handleSave}>Save</button>
      </div>
    );
  }
}

export default withParams(ProductDetails);
user_128685420

Hooks only work on functional components, you have to make that ocmponent a functional component

user_73825870

Fixed by creating a wrapping function

I needed to pass params to my SaxjaxApp.js from index.js using react-router-dom v6. In v6 Switch has been changed to Routes

I got the useParams working with a class component by following Mohamed MAZEK's idea in post 20 using a wrapping function.

I needed to access the sessionId part of the url when it was available.

ie in localhost:3000/shared/123XYZId I needed the 123XYZId part.

make note of this line : <Route path="/shared/:sessionId" element={<SaxjaxAppWrapper />} /> in the index.js below.

:sessionId denotes that useParams has a property called sessionId, that can be accessed by:

const {sessionId} = useParams() from a functional component.

In my index.js file I did this:

import React from "react";
import ReactDOM from "react-dom/client";
import { BrowserRouter, Route, Routes } from "react-router-dom";

import "./styles/style.scss";

import SaxjaxAppWrapper from "SaxjaxAppWrapper";
import SaxjaxApp from "./SaxjaxApp";

const container = document.getElementById("root");
const root = ReactDOM.createRoot(container);
//INFO: to learn about react-roue-dom v6 https://reactrouter.com/en/v6.3.0/upgrading/v5

root.render(
  // <React.StrictMode>
  <BrowserRouter>
    <Routes>
      <Route path="/shared/:sessionId" element={<SaxjaxAppWrapper />} />
      <Route path="/" element={<SaxjaxApp />} />
    </Routes>
  </BrowserRouter>
  // </React.StrictMode>
);

This line <Route path="/shared/:sessionId" element={<SaxjaxAppWrapper />} /> calls my wrapping function, whereas the default path / just calls the class component.

I had to create a separate file to hold the wrapping function I don't know why:

import React from "react";
import { useParams } from "react-router-dom";
import SaxjaxApp from "SaxjaxApp";
    
 function SaxjaxAppWrapper() {

//I use the params here and store them to pass as props 
  let { sessionId } = useParams();

  return (
//I pass the sessionId from the url params as a prop to my SaxjaxApp class component here
      <SaxjaxApp sessionId={sessionId} />
  );
}
    
export default SaxjaxAppWrapper;

My class component:

import React, { Component } from "react";
import "./styles/style.scss";

class SaxjaxApp extends Component {
 state = {
   octave: 4,
 };

 constructor(props) {
   super(props);
   //... initialise stuff
 }

//... a lot of methods

render() {
//Access the param here
   const { sessionId } = this.props;
     <>
         <div>
           keybordId={sessionId ? sessionId : "no id was passed"}
         </div>
     </>

   );
 }
}

export default SaxjaxApp;
user_59373940
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