WordPress, Git and Docker

I have just started playing around with WordPress and I have a few questions:

1. I would like to track my changes using Git. As far as I have researched, I should track only: 'wp-config.php' and 'wp-content' directory. Is there another way of tracking changes on a WP project?
2. Everytime I clone the project, it greets me with the setup phase. I noticed that the changes are not really saved, i.e. deleting a plugin or creating a page. After looking in the database I noticed that WP stores pages and more info inside the database. How could I track this kind of changes?

Notes: I have created a development environment using Docker & Docker-Composer as follows. I would like to add pages and make configuration and then upload the changes to the git repository. The only problem is that WP saves the changes to the database. How should I handle this?

version: '3'

services:
  mysql:
    image: mysql:8
    container_name: "MySQL-Database"
    restart: always
    command: "--default-authentication-plugin=mysql_native_password"
    environment:
      MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: wordpress
      MYSQL_DATABASE: wordpress
      MYSQL_USER: wordpress
      MYSQL_PASSWORD: wordpress
    volumes:
      - ./mysql_data:/var/lib/mysql

  excelsior:
    build: ./excelsior-app/
    container_name: "Wordpress-Server"
    depends_on: 
      - mysql
    restart: always
    volumes:
      - ./excelsior-app/wp-content:/var/www/html/wp-content
    environment:
      WORDPRESS_DB_HOST: mysql
      WORDPRESS_DB_NAME: wordpress
      WORDPRESS_DB_USER: wordpress
      WORDPRESS_DB_PASSWORD: wordpress
    ports:
      - 8080:80
      - 443:443

  phpmyadmin:
    image: phpmyadmin/phpmyadmin
    container_name: "PHP-MyAdmin"
    depends_on: 
      - mysql
    restart: always
    ports:
      - 3333:80
    environment:
      PMA_HOST: mysql
      MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORT: wordpress 

'excelsior' as follows:

FROM wordpress

COPY wp-config.php /var/www/html/