There are multiple ways to resolve this and writing them into single answer is not possible. However I can provide some guideline above nexe and electron. There are also enclosejs and pkg as well.

In both solution below, one of the most important rule is not to bundle your node_modules folder. Chromium binary will not work if you bundle it.

Nexe

You can use nexe. Which will download and bundle your nodejs script into a single executable file. Install it globally,

npm i -g nexe

Then create your puppeteer script. here is a sample file,

const puppeteer = require("puppeteer");

async function scraper(url) {
  const browser = await puppeteer.launch();
  const page = await browser.newPage();
  await page.goto(url);
  const title = await page.title();
  await browser.close();
  return title;
}

scraper("http://example.com").then(console.log);

Now bundle it using,

nexe index.js

Finally copy the node_modules folder and the bundled executable file to your client.

Electron

You can have a nice GUI with electron and create a executable file using electron-builder.

PS: The GUI is optional, and not part of this answer. It's just to show how you can have executable file for your client which can do much more than just run the browser.

I won't go into what is electron and how it works, instead I'll use a quickstart example. If you want to have final code, check this repo.

First clone the quick start repo,

git clone https://github.com/electron/electron-quick-start

Then install puppeteer and electron-builder,

yarn add puppeteer
npm i -g electron-builder

Now edit the main.js and add nodeIntegration: true to webPreferences,

mainWindow = new BrowserWindow({
    width: 800,
    height: 600,
    webPreferences: {
      preload: path.join(__dirname, 'preload.js'),
      nodeIntegration: true // <-- this line
    }
})

Now edit index.html and add a button and result container,

<p><button>Get Result</button><div id="result"></div></p>

Edit renderer.js and paste the sample code we used on nexe example. Additionally use these lines,

document.querySelector("button").addEventListener("click", async function() {
  const result = await scraper("http://example.com");
  document.querySelector("#result").innerHTML = result;
});

Now open package.json and add these options so we can run the chromium binary file,

"build": {
    "extraResources": "node_modules",
    "files": [
      "!node_modules"
    ]
}

Now build the app,

electron-builder

Open dist folder and you will get your packages apps. You can run and get the result,