How to manage Azure AD App Roles across many applications

Application Roles are very specific to the application they are created/defined for. You define them as part of app registration manifest and then even assign these roles to users/groups specifically for this app. In case different apps are using the same API and your app roles are defined for API app, you could think of some reuse/common management.

So application roles don't really go across different applications. AFAIK there isn't any tool that would help with managing the set of App Roles defined by each service, as you have asked.

Another concept that sometimes gets used for authorization decisions is Azure AD Group membership. Groups do go across multiple applications and that's the only reason I even mention them here, so you could check for group claims for incoming users. Although using app specific roles usually works out better, because of their closer relationship with application. Groups tend to hang around much longer than individual applications and many times people managing or owning these groups and their membership are different than application owners (so their decision making criteria can be very different too).

Managing Application Roles

Please take a look at this related SO Post - How to manage Azure AD App Roles for Azure AD Users

Here are a few options.

1. PowerShell -

   You can do this while creating a new app using New-AzureADApplication or for an existing application using Set-AzureADApplication.

   For assigning these roles to existing users, you can use New-AzureADUserAppRoleAssignment

   Please see the PowerShell script at the end.

2. Azure AD Graph API -

   You can work with AppRole Type and Application entity for managing app roles themselves. Documentation here

   

   You can work with AppRoleAssignment Entity for assigning these roles to existing Azure AD users etc. Documentation here

   

3. Microsoft Graph API -

   Documentation here - Please notice this is available only in beta version - so it's not yet good for production applications.

   Look here for working with App Role Assignments

For your production applications, you could read application roles from a json file (part of source control like git etc.) and feed that into one of the programmatic options like PowerShell or Azure AD Graph API.

Here is the PowerShell script and other related SO Posts

SO Post 1

SO Post 2 (This question discusses parsing json file and updating Application manifest using PowerShell)

Connect-AzureAD -TenantId <Tenant GUID>

# Create an application role of given name and description
Function CreateAppRole([string] $Name, [string] $Description)
{
    $appRole = New-Object Microsoft.Open.AzureAD.Model.AppRole
    $appRole.AllowedMemberTypes = New-Object System.Collections.Generic.List[string]
    $appRole.AllowedMemberTypes.Add("User");
    $appRole.DisplayName = $Name
    $appRole.Id = New-Guid
    $appRole.IsEnabled = $true
    $appRole.Description = $Description
    $appRole.Value = $Name;
    return $appRole
}

# ObjectId for application from App Registrations in your AzureAD
$appObjectId = "<Your Application Object Id>"
$app = Get-AzureADApplication -ObjectId $appObjectId
$appRoles = $app.AppRoles
Write-Host "App Roles before addition of new role.."
Write-Host $appRoles

$newRole = CreateAppRole -Name "MyNewApplicationRole" -Description "This is my new Application Role"
$appRoles.Add($newRole)

Set-AzureADApplication -ObjectId $app.ObjectId -AppRoles $appRoles

Once you are done with above script to add AppRole, then assigning roles to a user could be done like this -

# Assign the values to the variables
$username = "<You user's UPN>"
$app_name = "<Your App's display name>"
$app_role_name = "<App role display name>"

# Get the user to assign, and the service principal for the app to assign to
$user = Get-AzureADUser -ObjectId "$username"
$sp = Get-AzureADServicePrincipal -Filter "displayName eq '$app_name'"
$appRole = $sp.AppRoles | Where-Object { $_.DisplayName -eq $app_role_name }

# Assign the user to the app role
New-AzureADUserAppRoleAssignment -ObjectId $user.ObjectId -PrincipalId 
$user.ObjectId -ResourceId $sp.ObjectId -Id $appRole.Id