What's the difference between df.head() and df.head?

user_9580814 0
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In Jupyter Notebook or terminal, both df.head and df.head() can return an output of the dataframe, with some minor differences. What's the fundamental difference between the two different expressions and what role does parenthesis play in Python in general? Thanks!

>>>df.head
<bound method NDFrame.head of          Date    Open    High     Low   Close    Volume
0    1-Jun-17  153.17  153.33  152.22  153.18  16404088
1    2-Jun-17  153.58  155.45  152.89  155.45  27770715
2    5-Jun-17  154.34  154.45  153.46  153.93  25331662
3    6-Jun-17  153.90  155.81  153.78  154.45  26624926
4    7-Jun-17  155.02  155.98  154.48  155.37  21069647
5    8-Jun-17  155.25  155.54  154.40  154.99  21250798
6    9-Jun-17  155.19  155.19  146.02  148.98  64882657
7   12-Jun-17  145.74  146.09  142.51  145.42  72307330
8   13-Jun-17  147.16  147.45  145.15  146.59  34165445
9   14-Jun-17  147.50  147.50  143.84  145.16  31531232
10  15-Jun-17  143.32  144.48  142.21  144.29  32165373
>>> df.head()
       Date    Open    High     Low   Close    Volume
0  1-Jun-17  153.17  153.33  152.22  153.18  16404088
1  2-Jun-17  153.58  155.45  152.89  155.45  27770715
2  5-Jun-17  154.34  154.45  153.46  153.93  25331662
3  6-Jun-17  153.90  155.81  153.78  154.45  26624926
4  7-Jun-17  155.02  155.98  154.48  155.37  21069647
jupyter-notebook pandas python-3.x python
3 Answers

Those aren't just "minor differences". You didn't actually take the head at all with df.head.

df.head() actually takes the head of the dataframe. You can see that the output only has 5 rows:

>>> df.head()
       Date    Open    High     Low   Close    Volume
0  1-Jun-17  153.17  153.33  152.22  153.18  16404088
1  2-Jun-17  153.58  155.45  152.89  155.45  27770715
2  5-Jun-17  154.34  154.45  153.46  153.93  25331662
3  6-Jun-17  153.90  155.81  153.78  154.45  26624926
4  7-Jun-17  155.02  155.98  154.48  155.37  21069647

In contrast, df.head is just a method object for the head method of the dataframe df. The parentheses are needed to actually call the method. The method object's repr is basically

f"<bound method {classname}.{methodname} of {object!r}"

with the class name, method name, and repr of the object substituted in the appropriate places. The part of the output that looks like a dataframe is, in fact, the repr of the original df. It has 10 rows instead of 5 because it's the whole original dataframe, not the head.

user_23571120

head return a method head() return the top 5(default) row in your dataframe 

type(df.head)
<class 'method'>
type(df.head())
<class 'pandas.core.frame.DataFrame'>
user_79645270

Parentheses are used to call a function. Let’s take a small example with append just using it without parenthesis on a list will do nothing as it will just return the function itself but using the parenthesis call the function:

a = [1]
a.append
print(a)
[1]

a.append(2)
print(a)
[1, 2]

append = a.append
append(3)
print(a)
[1, 2, 3]

What you see when just using head is similar. They just added some code to actually call the function with default value.

user_65221120
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