Methods with covariant return types crashes on VC++

The following code seems to run fine when compiled with clang or gcc (on macOS), but crashes when compiled with MS Visual C++ 2017. On the latter, the foo_clone object appears to be corrupted and the program crashes with an access violation on the line foo_clone->get_identifier().

It does work on VC++ if I remove the covariant return types (all clone-methods return IDO*), or when std::enable_shared_from_this is removed, or when all inheritance is made virtual.

Why does it work with clang/gcc but not with VC++?

#include <memory>
#include <iostream>

class IDO {
public:
    virtual ~IDO() = default;

    virtual const char* get_identifier() const = 0;

    virtual IDO* clone() const = 0;
};

class DO
    : public virtual IDO
    , public std::enable_shared_from_this<DO> 
{
public:
    const char* get_identifier() const override { return "ok"; }
};

class D : public virtual IDO, public DO {
    D* clone() const override {
        return nullptr;
    }
};

class IA : public virtual IDO {};

class Foo : public IA, public D {
public:
    Foo* clone() const override {
        return new Foo();
    }
};

int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
    Foo* foo = new Foo();
    Foo* foo_clone = foo->clone();
    foo_clone->get_identifier();
}

Message:

Exception thrown at 0x00007FF60940180B in foo.exe: 0xC0000005: Access violation reading location 0x0000000000000004.