Filtering specific column in Angular Material table

On Angular's website there are quite a lot of examples that show how to implement one of their Material tables, including tables with sorting, pagination and filtering. I want to extend one of their examples, the table with filtering, to have a second filter that, for example, specifically filters the Weight column. This doesn't seem to have a straight forward solution, so I don't really know where to start. I have found an example that filters a specific column, but I don't understand how it works or why it works like it does.