As described here in the Android Studio docs, one can build an Android app from the command line with the gradle wrapper generated by Android Studio. The command line window in Android Studio shows exactly this, i.e. a call to gradlew assembleDebug (or a similar task). However starting a terminal on macOS and calling the gradle wrapper with that exact call sometimes yields other results, i.e. either one is able to build from Android Studio, or the command line, or both (which is ideal, but unfortunately not always true).
Who can explain what other settings the Android Studio IDE sets for their environment and where to find them, how to reproduce these settings easily in a CI environment (e.g. Jenkins, Bamboo, ...) and how one would consistently store these settings in a VCS along an Android project.