Sequelize model references vs associations

Just starting to use Sequelize and I've setup a bunch of models and seeds, but I can't figure out references vs associations. I don't see the use case for references if they even do what I think they do, but I couldn't find a good explanation in the docs.

Is this redundant having references and associations?

module.exports = (sequelize, DataTypes) => {
  const UserTask = sequelize.define('UserTask',
    {
      id: {
        primaryKey: true,
        type: DataTypes.UUID,
        defaultValue: DataTypes.UUIDV4
      },
      userId: {
        type: DataTypes.UUID,
        references: { // <--- is this redundant to associate
          model: 'User',
          key: 'id'
        }
      }
      // ... removed for brevity
    },
    {
      classMethods: {
        associate: models => { <--- makes references redundant?
          UserTask.belongsTo(models.User, {
            onDelete: 'CASCADE',
            foreignKey: {
              fieldName: 'userId',
              allowNull: true,
              require: true
            },
            targetKey: 'id'
          });
        }
      }
    }
  );
  return UserTask;
};