Where is the location of the mime plugin files in mac and linux?

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I was just curious as to how mime types were read/interpreted by local applications including the browser. Are the plugins for reading the mime type build into each application, or is there a special system folder in the OS that the application refers to when interpreting a mime type?

RFC uses the character-charts as references when defining what a MIME type is:

(1) textual message bodies in character sets other than US-ASCII

Although MDN makes it sound like it uses the content-type you would find in things like HTML

Does something like content-type=image/jpeg or content-type=application/javascript use the UTF-8 char chart to determine their charsets (The glyph) while something else does the logic to determine what those char glyphs should be interpreted into?

OR does this mean that each content-type has their own special charchart (like utf-8 -> js-8????) that does both glyph conversion of character and logic interpretation of char glyph into binary?

Why does it sound like charcharts and content-type both mean MIME? Where is the folder path for both Mac and Linux systems containing content-type charts / interpretation logic?

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