Headless Chrome - trigger callback from loaded webpage

Is there a way to trigger a callback from the loaded webpage? I used to use PhantomJS where it was possible using following code:

 if (typeof window.callPhantom === 'function') {
    window.callPhantom({ data: 'RenderPDF' });
 }

And in the phantomjs script:

page.onCallback = function (data) {
   /* callback code */
};