Access VBA Parameter in passthrough query to SQL Server

I have several queries in an MS Access database. Some of these use parameters. I use the following code in VBA to provide the query with these parameters:

VBA

Dim startDate As Date
Dim endDate As Date

Dim dbs As DAO.Database
Dim qdf As DAO.QueryDef
Dim rst As DAO.Recordset

If IsNull(Me.dpFrom) Or IsNull(Me.dpTo) Then
    MsgBox "Please select a date!"
ElseIf (Me.dpFrom.Value > Me.dpTo.Value) Then
    MsgBox "Start date is bigger than the end date!"
Else
    startDate = Me.dpFrom.Value
    endDate = Me.dpTo.Value

    Set dbs = CurrentDb

    'Get the parameter query
        Set qdf = dbs.QueryDefs("60 Dec")

        'Supply the parameter value
        qdf.Parameters("startDate") = startDate
        qdf.Parameters("endDate") = endDate

        'Open a Recordset based on the parameter query
        Set rst = qdf.OpenRecordset()

            'Check to see if the recordset actually contains rows
        If Not (rst.EOF And rst.BOF) Then
            rst.MoveFirst 'Unnecessary in this case, but still a good habit
            Do Until rst.EOF = True
                'Save contact name into a variable
                Me.tbBUDdec.Value = rst!Som
                rst.MoveNext
                Me.tbLEYdec.Value = rst!Som
                rst.MoveNext
                Me.tbMDRdec.Value = rst!Som
                rst.MoveNext
                Me.tbODCdec.Value = rst!Som
                rst.MoveNext
            Loop
        Else
            MsgBox "There are no records in the recordset."
        End If
        rst.Close 'Close the recordset
        Set rst = Nothing 'Clean up

Access Query

PARAMETERS startDate DateTime, endDate DateTime;
SELECT WarehouseCode, COUNT(DeliveryPoint) AS Som
FROM [50 resultaat]
WHERE EntryDate between [startDate] and [endDate]
GROUP BY WarehouseCode;

This is working fine. However, I am now trying to use the same code to call a passthrough query to a SQL server. This query uses a different syntax to declare and set the parameters:

SQL Server query

DECLARE @InvLineEntryDateBegin AS date
DECLARE @InvLineEntryDateEnd AS date
SET @InvLineEntryDateBegin = '2017-01-01'
SET @InvLineEntryDateEnd = '2017-05-31'

Select WarehouseCode, Count(PickOrderNr) as Som
FROM ( bla bla bla ...

I can't get my VBA code to work with the different SQL syntax. I've read several options but couldn't find anything concrete. Does anyone have experience with this query structure?

In other words: How can I, in VBA, insert parameters in a stored procedure that queries on a SQL server?