What exactly changes when you set a video playback rate attribute from 1 to 2, and, from 1 to 0.5 in JavaScript?

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I tried to search for information regarding this, but did not find any adequate answer.

I conducted a study where I changed the playback rate of videos using the JavaScript playbackRate attribute to .5 and 2, from the natural playback rate.

I would like to know how Javascript changes video playback rate.

For e.g. when the playback rate changes to 2, does it only result in frames being dropped from the videos?

What happens when playback rate is slowed down to .5? Are frames being added in that case? How are the frames added? How is the audio stretched out/ trimmed?

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