Download maven project dependencies to build offline later

I've used maven for a while in common way with settings out of the box, so I understand what it is but I'm newbie in maven settings.

I need to organize such workflow:

1. Developer writes java code, use some dependencies from internet.
2. Developer commits his work.
3. TeamCity automatically can build his work. Without any manual work, and without internet.

I have idea how to do it:

1. Developer uses maven. A "common" directory acts as repository for certain java projects.
2. After the work is complete, the developer commits his project and common directory into svn.
3. TeamCity updates project and common directory from svn and run "mvn package". Anything needs takes from common directory. Without worrying about internet connection and startup nexus, or other repo services.

My question is: How to use simple directory on filesystem as proxy repository for certain projects? Tell me please how to realize this idea or give me another idea to realize such workflow.

I can just commit local repository, but there are some limitations:

1. Local repo zip artifacts. If I make even little changes to it - the whole cache file must be uploaded and downloaded to/from svn. It takes a long time.
2. Local repo store artifacts for all projects. I want only certain projects to use this repo, because developers don't want to check changes and filter unused dependencies.

I test local directory to deploy projects, simple by writing "file://testRespoDir" in repo url, but I can't understand how to make this directory proxy all remote artefacts for project(project must not use local repo and use only common directory.