PHP concatenation of strings and arithmetic operations

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I started learning PHP not too long ago and I ran into this issue:

<?php

$a = 1;
$b = 2;

echo "$a * $b  = " . $a * $b;
echo "<br />";

echo "$a / $b  = " . $a / $b;
echo "<br />";

echo "$a + $b  = " . $a + $b;
echo "<br />";

echo "$a - $b  = " . $a - $b;
echo "<br />";

I get the following output:

1 * 2 = 2
1 / 2 = 0.5
3
-1

The last two lines in the output are not what I would expect.

Why is this? How are these expressions evaluated? I'm trying to get a better understanding of the language.

3 Answers
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