This question has been asked in Microsoft interview. Very much curious to know why these people ask so strange questions on probability?
Given a rand(N), a random generator which generates random number from 0 to N-1.
int A[N]; // An array of size N
for(i = 0; i < N; i++)
{
int m = rand(N);
int n = rand(N);
swap(A[m],A[n]);
}
EDIT: Note that the seed is not fixed.
what is the probability that array A remains the same?
Assume that the array contains unique elements.