Include and Where predicate cause left join instead of inner join

Viewed 3940

With the following table structure (extraneous columns removed)

create table [Events]
(
    ID int not null identity,
    Name nvarchar(128) not null,
    constraint PK_Events primary key(ID)
)

create table [Donations]
(
    ID int not null identity,
    EventID int not null,
    Amount decimal(10, 2) not null,

    constraint PK_Donations primary key(ID),
    constraint FK_Donations_Events foreign key(EventID) references [Events](ID) on update no action on delete no action
)

I use the following Linq-to-Entities queries:

// 1
ents.Donations.Where(d => d.Amount > 25.0m && d.Event.Name.Contains("Run")).ToList();

// 2
ents.Donations.Include("Event").Where(d => d.Amount > 25.0m).ToList();

// 3
ents.Donations.Include("Event").Where(d => d.Amount > 25.0m && d.Event.Name.Contains("Run")).ToList();

Produces (from an SQL Profiler):

-- 1
SELECT 
[Extent1].[ID] AS [ID], 
[Extent1].[EventID] AS [EventID], 
[Extent1].[Amount] AS [Amount]
FROM  [dbo].[Donations] AS [Extent1]
INNER JOIN [dbo].[Events] AS [Extent2] ON [Extent1].[EventID] = [Extent2].[ID]
WHERE ([Extent1].[Amount] > 25.0) AND ([Extent2].[Name] LIKE N'%Run%')

-- 2
SELECT 
[Extent1].[ID] AS [ID], 
[Extent1].[EventID] AS [EventID], 
[Extent1].[Amount] AS [Amount], 
[Extent2].[ID] AS [ID1], 
[Extent2].[Name] AS [Name]
FROM  [dbo].[Donations] AS [Extent1]
INNER JOIN [dbo].[Events] AS [Extent2] ON [Extent1].[EventID] = [Extent2].[ID]
WHERE [Extent1].[Amount] > 25.0

-- 3
SELECT 
[Extent1].[ID] AS [ID], 
[Extent1].[EventID] AS [EventID], 
[Extent1].[Amount] AS [Amount], 
[Extent3].[ID] AS [ID1], 
[Extent3].[Name] AS [Name]
FROM   [dbo].[Donations] AS [Extent1]
INNER JOIN [dbo].[Events] AS [Extent2] ON [Extent1].[EventID] = [Extent2].[ID]
LEFT OUTER JOIN [dbo].[Events] AS [Extent3] ON [Extent1].[EventID] = [Extent3].[ID]
WHERE ([Extent1].[Amount] > 25.0) AND ([Extent2].[Name] LIKE N'%Run%')

Why in the 3rd query, does it generate a LEFT OUTER JOIN on the Events table a second time? While the query produces correct results, it seems odd, why cannot EF / LINQ re-use [Extent2] in the SELECT and WHERE clause, and why is it a LEFT OUTER JOIN?

I'm using Visual Studio 2010 sp1 .NET 4 and I am connecting to Sql Server 2008 Express.

2 Answers
Related