How to program to old game consoles?

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I want to know how to program to old game consoles for fun.

Can I use a programming language such as C? Will I have to use assembly? I do not know any console compiler, assembler or API. I will need to compile into ROM image and test with emulators, because I do not own any console.

Each console has its interesting features and I would like to play with them.

  • Atari 2600 (only 128 bytes of RAM)
  • NES (only 8-bit)
  • SNES (a good console, 16-bit)
  • PS1 (3D, complex)
  • Game Boy (simple, monochromatic)
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