Why does this go into an infinite loop?

I have the following code:

public class Tests {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        int x = 0;
        while(x<3) {
            x = x++;
            System.out.println(x);
        }
    }
}

We know he should have writen just x++ or x=x+1, but on x = x++ it should first attribute x to itself, and later increment it. Why does x continue with 0 as value?

--update

Here's the bytecode:

public class Tests extends java.lang.Object{
public Tests();
  Code:
   0:   aload_0
   1:   invokespecial   #1; //Method java/lang/Object."<init>":()V
   4:   return

public static void main(java.lang.String[])   throws java.lang.Exception;
  Code:
   0:   iconst_0
   1:   istore_1
   2:   iload_1
   3:   iconst_3
   4:   if_icmpge   22
   7:   iload_1
   8:   iinc    1, 1
   11:  istore_1
   12:  getstatic   #2; //Field java/lang/System.out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;
   15:  iload_1
   16:  invokevirtual   #3; //Method java/io/PrintStream.println:(I)V
   19:  goto    2
   22:  return

}

I'll read about the instructions to try to understand...