Is there a best practice for writing maps literal style in Java?

user_305949 0
Viewed 14961

In short, if you want to write a map of e.g. constants in Java, which in e.g. Python and Javascript you would write as a literal, 

T<String,String> CONSTANTS =
{
    "CONSTANT_NAME_0": CONSTANT_VALUE_0 ,
    "CONSTANT_NAME_1": CONSTANT_VALUE_1 ,
    "CONSTANT_NAME_2": CONSTANT_VALUE_2 ,
    //...
} ;

is there a Class or any preset Object that you can use for writing a data structure like that?

literals object map class java
10 Answers

I like to do the declaration and initialization on the same line. I've used this handy little utility for so long it basically is my "map literal" and until they're done "right" in the languange, I'm gonna continue on using it like that :)

Happy to share it here.

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * A handy utility for creating and initializing Maps in a single statement.
 * @author Jonathan Cobb. This source code is in the Public Domain.
 */
public class MapBuilder {

    /**
     * Most common create/init case. Usage:
     *
     *   Map<String, Boolean> myPremadeMap = MapBuilder.build(new Object[][]{
     *     { "a", true }, { "b", false }, { "c", true }, { "d", true },
     *     { "e", "yes, still dangerous but at least it's not an anonymous class" }
     *   });
     *
     * If your keys and values are of the same type, it will even be typesafe:
     *   Map<String, String> someProperties = MapBuilder.build(new String[][]{
     *       {"propA", "valueA" }, { "propB", "valueB" }
     *   });
     *
     * @param values [x][2] array. items at [x][0] are keys and [x][1] are values.
     * @return a LinkedHashMap (to preserve order of declaration) with the "values" mappings
     */
    public static <K,V> Map<K,V> build(Object[][] values) {
        return build(new LinkedHashMap<K,V>(), values);
    }

    /**
     * Usage:
     *  Map<K,V> myMap = MapBuilder.build(new MyMapClass(options),
     *                                    new Object[][]{ {k,v}, {k,v}, ... });
     * @param map add key/value pairs to this map
     * @return the map passed in, now containing new "values" mappings
     */
    public static <K,V> Map<K,V> build(Map<K,V> map, Object[][] values) {
        for (Object[] value : values) {
            map.put((K) value[0], (V) value[1]);
        }
        return map;
    }

    /** Same as above, for single-value maps */
    public static <K,V> Map<K,V> build(Map<K,V> map, K key, V value) {
        return build(map, new Object[][]{{key,value}});
    }

    /**
     * Usage:
     *  Map<K,V> myMap = MapBuilder.build(MyMapClass.class, new Object[][]{ {k,v}, {k,v}, ... });
     * @param mapClass a Class that implements Map
     * @return the map passed in, now containing new "values" mappings
     */
    public static <K,V> Map<K,V> build(Class<? extends Map<K,V>> mapClass, Object[][] values) {

        final Map<K,V> map;
        try { map = mapClass.newInstance(); } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new IllegalStateException("Couldn't create new instance of class: "+mapClass.getName(), e);
        }
        return build(map, values);
    }

    /** Usage: Map<K,V> myMap = MapBuilder.build(key, value); */
    public static <K,V> Map build(K key, V value) {
        Map<K,V> map = new HashMap<>();
        map.put(key, value);
        return map;
    }

}
user_12515430

Since Java 9, you can create unmodifiable maps out of the box -

Map<String, String> emptymap = Map.of();
Map<String, String> map = Map.of("key1", "val1");

there are variants supporting upto 10 keypairs. https://docs.oracle.com/en/java/javase/17/docs/api/java.base/java/util/Map.html#of()

This is also supported https://docs.oracle.com/en/java/javase/17/docs/api/java.base/java/util/Map.html#ofEntries(java.util.Map.Entry...)

 import static java.util.Map.entry;

 Map<Integer,String> map = Map.ofEntries(
     entry(1, "a"),
     entry(2, "b"),
     entry(3, "c"),
     ...
     entry(26, "z"));
user_12854310
Related