I think I won't find that in any textbook, because answering this takes experience. I am currently in the stage of testing/validating my code / hunting bugs to get it into production state and any errors would lead to many people suffering e.g. the dark side.
What kind of flags do you set when you compile your program for Fortran for debugging purposes?
What kind of flags do you set for the production system?
What do you do before you deploy?
The production version uses ifort as a compiler, yet I do my testing with gfortran. Am I doing it wrong?