How to avoid OutOfMemoryException when running Hadoop?

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I'm running a Hadoop job over 1,5 TB of data with doing much pattern matching. I have several machines with 16GB RAM each, and I always get OutOfMemoryException on this job with this data (I'm using Hive).

I would like to know how to optimally set option HADOOP_HEAPSIZE in file hadoop-env.sh so, my job would not fail. Is it even possible, to set this option so my jobs won't fail?

When I set HADOOP_HEAPSIZE to 1,5 GB and removed half of pattern matching from query, job run successfully. So what is this option for, if it doesn't help avoiding job failures?

I ment to do more experimenting with optimal setup, but since those jobs take >10hr to run, I'm asking for your advice.

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