Limit foreign key choices in select in an inline form in admin

user_221826 0
Viewed 42539

The logic is of the model is:

  • A Building has many Rooms
  • A Room may be inside another Room (a closet, for instance--ForeignKey on 'self')
  • A Room can only be inside another Room in the same building (this is the tricky part)

Here's the code I have: 

#spaces/models.py
from django.db import models    

class Building(models.Model):
    name=models.CharField(max_length=32)
    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.name

class Room(models.Model):
    number=models.CharField(max_length=8)
    building=models.ForeignKey(Building)
    inside_room=models.ForeignKey('self',blank=True,null=True)
    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.number

and:

#spaces/admin.py
from ex.spaces.models import Building, Room
from django.contrib import admin

class RoomAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    pass

class RoomInline(admin.TabularInline):
    model = Room
    extra = 2

class BuildingAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    inlines=[RoomInline]

admin.site.register(Building, BuildingAdmin)
admin.site.register(Room)

The inline will display only rooms in the current building (which is what I want). The problem, though, is that for the inside_room drop down, it displays all of the rooms in the Rooms table (including those in other buildings).

In the inline of rooms, I need to limit the inside_room choices to only rooms which are in the current building (the building record currently being altered by the main BuildingAdmin form).

I can't figure out a way to do it with either a limit_choices_to in the model, nor can I figure out how exactly to override the admin's inline formset properly (I feel like I should be somehow create a custom inline form, pass the building_id of the main form to the custom inline, then limit the queryset for the field's choices based on that--but I just can't wrap my head around how to do it).

Maybe this is too complex for the admin site, but it seems like something that would be generally useful...

admin inline limit foreign-keys django
10 Answers

After reading through this post and experimenting a lot I think I have found a rather definitive answer to this question. As this is a design pattern that is ofter used I have written a Mixin for the Django admin to make use of it.

(Dynamically) limiting the queryset for ForeignKey fields is now as simple as subclassing LimitedAdminInlineMixin and defining a get_filters(obj) method to return the relevant filters. Alternateively, a filters property can be set on the admin if dynamic filtering is not required.

Example usage:

class MyInline(LimitedAdminInlineMixin, admin.TabularInline):
    def get_filters(self, obj):
        return (('<field_name>', dict(<filters>)),)

Here, <field_name> is the name of the FK field to be filtered and <filters> is a list of parameters as you would normally specify them in the filter() method of querysets.

user_2313320

You can create a couple of custom classes that will then pass along a reference to the parent instance to the form.

from django.forms.models import BaseInlineFormSet
from django.forms import ModelForm

class ParentInstInlineFormSet(BaseInlineFormSet):
    def _construct_forms(self):
        # instantiate all the forms and put them in self.forms
        self.forms = []
        for i in xrange(self.total_form_count()):
            self.forms.append(self._construct_form(i, parent_instance=self.instance))

    def _get_empty_form(self, **kwargs):
        return super(ParentInstInlineFormSet, self)._get_empty_form(parent_instance=self.instance)
    empty_form = property(_get_empty_form)


class ParentInlineModelForm(ModelForm):
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        self.parent_instance = kwargs.pop('parent_instance', None)
        super(ParentInlineModelForm, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)

in class RoomInline just add:

class RoomInline(admin.TabularInline):
      formset = ParentInstInlineFormset
      form = RoomInlineForm #(or something)

In your form you now have access in the init method to self.parent_instance! parent_instance can now be used to filter choices and whatnot

something like:

class RoomInlineForm(ParentInlineModelForm):
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super(RoomInlineForm, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
        building = self.parent_instance
        #Filtering and stuff
user_13299820

The problem in @nogus answer there's still wrong url in popup /?_to_field=id&_popup=1

which allow user to select wrong item in popup

To finally make it work I had to change field.widget.rel.limit_choices_to dict

class RoomInline(admin.TabularInline):
    model = Room

    def formfield_for_foreignkey(self, db_field, request=None, **kwargs):

        field = super(RoomInline, self).formfield_for_foreignkey(
            db_field, request, **kwargs)

        if db_field.name == 'inside_room':
            building = request._obj_
            if building is not None:
                field.queryset = field.queryset.filter(
                    building__exact=building)
                # widget changed to filter by building
                field.widget.rel.limit_choices_to = {'building_id': building.id}
            else:
                field.queryset = field.queryset.none()

        return field

class BuildingAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):

    inlines = (RoomInline,)

    def get_form(self, request, obj=None, **kwargs):
        # just save obj reference for future processing in Inline
        request._obj_ = obj
        return super(BuildingAdmin, self).get_form(request, obj, **kwargs)
user_22071540
Related