What is the best algorithm for finding the closest color in an array to another color?

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I have a color (RGB) being read from a sensor. I also have a list of "known" colors, each paired with a string name.

What would the best way (ie behave like a human choosing colors) to pull the name of the nearest color out of this list?

I've tried a shortest cartesian distance with RGB, but that makes grey closer to green than to black or white.

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