Color (syntax highlighting) within an HTML <code> tag

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In a code fragment like the following ...

    class Foo
    {
      internal Foo()
      {
        for (int i = 0; i < 42; ++i);
      }
    }

... its various keywords and so on are color-coded when they're displayed in my browsers.

When I do "View source", I don't see anything special in the HTML that would implement this color-coding.

How and/or where is this syntax-specific color-highlighting implemented, then? For example is it built-in to the browsers, or is it implemented by site-specific JavaScript editing the DOM within the browsers?

I find this a difficult question to Google for.

3 Answers
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