MVC Vs n-tier architecture

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I was wondering what exactly is the difference between MVC(which is an architectural pattern) and an n-tier architecture for an application. I searched for it but couldn't find a simple explanation. May be I am a bit naive on MVC concepts, so if anyone can explain the difference then it would be great.

cheers

13 Answers

N-tier architecture usually has each layer separated by the network. I.E. the presentation layer is on some web servers, then that talks to backend app servers over the network for business logic, then that talks to a database server, again over the network, and maybe the app server also calls out to some remote services (say Authorize.net for payment processing).

MVC is a programming design pattern where different portions of code are responsible for representing the Model, View, and controller in some application. These two things are related because, for instance the Model layer may have an internal implementation that calls a database for storing and retrieving data. The controller may reside on the webserver, and remotely call appservers to retrieve data. MVC abstracts away the details of how the architecture of an app is implemented.

N-tier just refers to the physical structure of an implementation. These two are sometimes confused because an MVC design is often implemented using an N-tier architecture.

This is what say about n-tier architecture

At first glance, the three tiers may seem similar to the MVC (Model View Controller) concept; however, topologically they are different. A fundamental rule in a three-tier architecture is the client tier never communicates directly with the data tier; in a three-tier model all communication must pass through the middleware tier. Conceptually the three-tier architecture is linear. However, the MVC architecture is triangular: the View sends updates to the Controller, the Controller updates the Model, and the View gets updated directly from the Model.

A fundamental rule in three-tier architecture is the client tier never communicates directly with the data tier; in a three-tier model all communication must pass through the middleware tier.

It’s liner architecture. This addresses the question of how to pass information between a user and a database. Where as MVC is a triangular architecture: the View sends updates to the Controller, the Controller updates the Model, and the View gets updated directly from the Model. This addresses questions of how a user interface manages the components on the screen.

An N-Tier architecture is best defined using a Deployment Diagram.

An MVC architecture is best defined using a Sequence Diagram.

The 2 are not the same and are not related and you can combine the two architectures together. A lot of companies have taken the steps to create N Tier'd architecture for not only deployment and scalability, but for code reuse as well.

For example, your Business Entity objects may need to be consumed by a desktop app, a web service exposed for a client, a web app, or a mobile app. Simply using an MVC approach will not help you reuse anything at all.

Conclusion : N-tier is an architecture, MVC a design pattern. They are the same metaphore applied in two different fields.

N-tier architecture never communicates directly to the data access layer. In a 3-tier architecture:

  • Presentation layer presents the related UI,
  • Business layer contains related logic and
  • then the data access layer.

All the data communicates through the middle tier. Presentation <-> Business <-> Data.

MVC (Model-View-Controller) architecture is triangular.

  • The View sends updates to the controller,
  • The Controller updates the Model and
  • then the View directly gets updates from the model.

Model(Data), View(UI), Controller(Logic).

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