Git commit opens blank text file, for what?

You're meant to put the commit message in this text file, then save and quit.

You can change the default text editor that git uses with this command:

git config --global core.editor "nano"

You have to change nano to whatever command would normally open your text editor.

As mentioned by Ben Collins, without the -m "..." argument to type the commit inline (which is generally a bad idea as it encourages you to be brief), this "big text file" that is opened up is a window in which to type the commit message.

Usually it's recommended to write a summary in the first line, skip a line, and then write more detailed notes beneath; this helps programs that do things like email the commit messages with an appropriate subject line and the full list of changes made in the body.

Instead of changing the EDITOR shell variable, you can also change the editor used by adding the additional lines in your ~/.gitconfig file:

[core]
    editor = emacs
    excludesfile = /Users/will/.gitignore

That second line actually has nothing to do with your problem, but I find it really useful so I can populate my ~/.gitignore file with all those filetypes I know I'll never, ever, want to commit to a repository.

The text file that is being opened is a summary of the current commit operation. The git commit drops you into this file so the you can add a commit message at the top of the file. Once you've added your message just save and exit from this file.

There is also a "-m msg" switch on this command that allows you to add the commit message on the command line.

As all have said this is just where you add your commit comment - but for some it may still be confusing esp if you have not configured your editor settings, and you are not aware of what VI is : then you could be in for a shock, because you will think you are still in the GIT-Bash

In that case you are in fact in a text editor with some interesting ways of dealing with things and this set of commands may help you out so that you can get past your first commit and then configure an editor you are familiar with or use it as an opportunity to learn how to use it.

The -m option to commit lets you enter a commit message on the command line:

git commit -m "my first commit"

The git commit command will open up the editor specified in the EDITOR environment variable so you can enter a commit comment. On a Linux or BSD system, this should be vi by default, although any editor should work.

Just enter your comments and save the file.

Now that I've changed my editor to emacs, everything work fine.

But before I set this, "git commit -a" did open gedit, but also immediately ended with a "Aborting commit due to empty commit message.". Saving the file from gedit had no effect. Explicitly setting the editor with "git config --global core.editor "gedit"" had the same result.

There's nothing wrong with emacs, but out of curiosity why doesn't this work with gedit, and is there any way to get it to work?

Thanks.

For those of you using OS X I found this command to work well:
git config --global core.editor "open -t -W"

which will force git to open the default text editor (textedit in my case) and then wait for you to exit the application. Keep in mind that you need to "Save" and then "Quit" textedit before the commit will go through. There are a few other commands you can play around with as detailed on this page:

Apple Developer Library - Open Command

You can also try git config --global core.editor "open -e -W" if you want git to always open textedit regardless of what the default editor is.

When doing revision control, you should always explain what the changed you made are. Usually the first time you're have a comment such as "Initial Commit."

However in the long run you want to make a good comment for each commit. You will want something of the form:

Added experimental feature x.

X will increase the performance of feature Y in condition Z. Should you need X activate it with the -x or --feature-eks switches. This addresses feature request #1138.

Yeah, make sure you have a sensible editor set. Not sure what your default editor will be but if, like me, it is nano (it will say so somewhere near the top after you type commit) you just need to type in a comment and then hit Ctrl-X to finish. Then hit y, followed by enter to affirm the commit.

Also, if you want to see a simple list of the files you'll be committing rather than a huge diff listing beforehand try

git diff --name-only

The following is probably the easiest way to commit all changes:

git commit -a -m "Type your commit message here..."

Of course there are much more detailed ways of committing, but that should get you started.