can single key encryption decrypted by multiple keys in the system

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I'm working on a scenario where multiple data owners encrypt the data with their private keys and store it in a blockchain smart contract. I want data owner A to be able to decrypt the data of data owner B using their own keys without interacting with each other.

Organizations A and B, for example, encrypt their employees' history with their own keys and store them in the blockchain.

When a User from Organization A sends an access request to Organization B, Organization B can decrypt the user's history with their own keys and perform an authentication and authorization check on the user by decrypting the data stored in the blockchain.

Which encryption scheme will be helpful in this scenario? I don't want the interaction of organizations to share keys so they can decrypt each other's records because if one organization is malicious, the records of the other organization may be compromised.

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