Kubernetes fails to start on Docker Desktop without direct internet access

I'm running Docker Desktop 3.6.0 on Windows 10 with WSL2. When I try to enable Kubernetes I only see "Failed to start" within the Docker Desktop UI. Docker itself works fine. Not sure how I can get any further logs.

Here the output from kubectl version:

kubectl version
Client Version: version.Info{Major:"1", Minor:"21", GitVersion:"v1.21.3", GitCommit:"ca643a4d1f7bfe34773c74f79527be4afd95bf39", GitTreeState:"clean", BuildDate:"2021-07-15T21:04:39Z", GoVersion:"go1.16.6", Compiler:"gc", Platform:"windows/amd64"}
Error from server (InternalError): an error on the server ("") has prevented the request from succeeding

From other posts it seems that and internet connections is required for initial setup:

• https://stackoverflow.com/a/52765732/1100559
• https://stackoverflow.com/a/63318739/1100559

Direct internet connection is not possible on my work environment, I can only manually copy required images on my pc. I also do not have admin access.

Is there a way to manually setup Kubernetes on Docker Desktop or somehow indicate where the required images can be found?

I have a nexus Docker repository where I can push required images to. I have changed the ~\.docker\daemon.json and added my docker repository in insecure-registries. After first login docker is able to pull images from there and run them.

Already tried to reset or enable and disable Kubernetes. Also deleting ~/.kube/config did not work.