Decision Tree - Edges / Branches so Light that are invisible

user_13048460 0
Viewed 2810

I am using the classic titanic dataset to build a decision tree. However, I am not sure what goes wrong with the edges or branches that are almost invisible.

Here is the code for building the decision tree

    # Plant a new pruned tree 

    ideal_dt = DecisionTreeClassifier(random_state=6, ccp_alpha=optimal_alpha)
    ideal_dt = ideal_dt.fit(X_train, y_train)

    # Plot the confusion matrix
    plot_confusion_matrix(ideal_dt,X_test,y_test,display_labels=['Not Survived','Survived'])
    plt.grid(False);

    # Plot the tree
    plt.figure(figsize=(200,180))
    plot_tree(ideal_dt,filled=True,rounded=True, fontsize=120, class_names=labels,feature_names=data_features.columns);

    print('\nIdeal Decision Tree')
    # Training Score
    print('Training Set Accuracy:',ideal_dt.score(X_train,y_train))
    # Testing Score
    print('Testing Set Accuracy:',ideal_dt.score(X_test,y_test))

enter image description here

Here is the setup:

# Basic Import
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
import seaborn as sns
import random
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

# Hypothesis Testing
from scipy.stats import ttest_ind, ttest_rel, ttest_1samp


# Machine Learning Import
import sklearn as skl
from sklearn import datasets

# Preprocessing
from sklearn.preprocessing import LabelEncoder

from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split, cross_val_score

# Linear Regression 
from sklearn.linear_model import LinearRegression
from sklearn.linear_model import Ridge

# KNN Classification
from sklearn.neighbors import KNeighborsClassifier, KNeighborsRegressor
from sklearn.preprocessing import StandardScaler
from sklearn.preprocessing import scale
from sklearn.metrics import confusion_matrix
from sklearn.metrics import plot_confusion_matrix
from sklearn.metrics import f1_score
from sklearn.decomposition import PCA
from sklearn.model_selection import GridSearchCV

# K-means clustering
from sklearn.cluster import KMeans

# Logistic Regression
from sklearn.linear_model import LogisticRegression 

# Decision Tree
from sklearn.tree import DecisionTreeClassifier
from sklearn.tree import DecisionTreeRegressor
from sklearn.tree import plot_tree
from sklearn.model_selection import cross_val_score

# Database Import
import sqlite3
from sqlite3 import Error

# Measure Performance
from sklearn.metrics import make_scorer, accuracy_score, r2_score, mean_squared_error
import sklearn.metrics as skm
from sklearn.metrics import classification_report


from sklearn.tree import DecisionTreeClassifier
# plt.style.use('seaborn-notebook')
## inline figures
%matplotlib inline
plt.style.use('seaborn')

## just to make sure few warnings are not shown
import warnings
warnings.filterwarnings("ignore")

I have tried commenting out plt.style.use('seaborn') but didn't work. Any suggestions would be appreciated

scikit-learn seaborn decision-tree machine-learning python
5 Answers

plot_tree() returns a list of artists (a list of Annotations). You can access the arrow and change their properties in a loop. Refer to https://matplotlib.org/api/_as_gen/matplotlib.patches.FancyArrowPatch.html#matplotlib.patches.FancyArrowPatch for a list of the properties that you can change.

I don't know why the arrows don't appear in your case, but I would start by playing with their colors and width.

from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
from sklearn.datasets import load_iris
from sklearn import tree
clf = tree.DecisionTreeClassifier(random_state=0)
iris = load_iris()
clf = clf.fit(iris.data, iris.target)
fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(10,10))
out = tree.plot_tree(clf)
for o in out:
    arrow = o.arrow_patch
    if arrow is not None:
        arrow.set_edgecolor('red')
        arrow.set_linewidth(3)

enter image description here

user_13560000

I had the same issue and I was working with Jupyter Notebook. Restarting Kernel and running the code again, showed the arrows for me. I think it is an editor issue. Alternatively, you can run the code in another environment (e.g., VScode) and see the difference.

user_25003440

Had the same issue, and also wasn't using sns as you yourself mentioned. But someone pointed it out as a potential issue so I uninstalled seaborn from that virtualenv and it solved the issue.

I don't know exactly why this worked; maybe one of the libraries I imported was importing seaborn somehow.

user_16229630

For me, I was using the fivethirtyeight theme for matplotlib. Comment it out, then restart the kernel. This showed the arrows as expected and in good clarity.

user_117205740

I faced the similar issue while using seaborn for one of my other plots. I used sns.reset_defaults() and issue is solved.

user_90080230
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