Using Path from pathlib is the recommended way since Python 3:

from pathlib import Path
print("File      Path:", Path(__file__).absolute())
print("Directory Path:", Path().absolute()) # Directory of current working directory, not __file__  

Note: If using Jupyter Notebook, __file__ doesn't return expected value, so Path().absolute() has to be used.

In Python 3.x I do:

from pathlib import Path

path = Path(__file__).parent.absolute()

Explanation:

• Path(__file__) is the path to the current file.
• .parent gives you the directory the file is in.
• .absolute() gives you the full absolute path to it.

Using pathlib is the modern way to work with paths. If you need it as a string later for some reason, just do str(path).

Try this:

import os
dir_path = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))

I found the following commands return the full path of the parent directory of a Python 3 script.

Python 3 Script:

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

from pathlib import Path

#Get the absolute path of a Python3.6 and above script.
dir1 = Path().resolve()  #Make the path absolute, resolving any symlinks.
dir2 = Path().absolute() #See @RonKalian answer 
dir3 = Path(__file__).parent.absolute() #See @Arminius answer
dir4 = Path(__file__).parent 

print(f'dir1={dir1}\ndir2={dir2}\ndir3={dir3}\ndir4={dir4}')

REMARKS !!!!

1. dir1 and dir2 works only when running a script located in the current working directory, but will break in any other case.
2. Given that Path(__file__).is_absolute() is True, the use of the .absolute() method in dir3 appears redundant.
3. The shortest command that works is dir4.

Explanation links: .resolve(), .absolute(), Path(file).parent().absolute()

USEFUL PATH PROPERTIES IN PYTHON:

from pathlib import Path

#Returns the path of the directory, where your script file is placed
mypath = Path().absolute()
print('Absolute path : {}'.format(mypath))

#if you want to go to any other file inside the subdirectories of the directory path got from above method
filePath = mypath/'data'/'fuel_econ.csv'
print('File path : {}'.format(filePath))

#To check if file present in that directory or Not
isfileExist = filePath.exists()
print('isfileExist : {}'.format(isfileExist))

#To check if the path is a directory or a File
isadirectory = filePath.is_dir()
print('isadirectory : {}'.format(isadirectory))

#To get the extension of the file
fileExtension = mypath/'data'/'fuel_econ.csv'
print('File extension : {}'.format(filePath.suffix))

OUTPUT: ABSOLUTE PATH IS THE PATH WHERE YOUR PYTHON FILE IS PLACED

Absolute path : D:\Study\Machine Learning\Jupitor Notebook\JupytorNotebookTest2\Udacity_Scripts\Matplotlib and seaborn Part2

File path : D:\Study\Machine Learning\Jupitor Notebook\JupytorNotebookTest2\Udacity_Scripts\Matplotlib and seaborn Part2\data\fuel_econ.csv

isfileExist : True

isadirectory : False

File extension : .csv

I have made a function to use when running python under IIS in CGI in order to get the current folder:

import os 
def getLocalFolder():
    path=str(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))).split(os.sep)
    return path[len(path)-1]

Python 2 and 3

You can simply also do:

from os import sep
print(__file__.rsplit(sep, 1)[0] + sep)

Which outputs something like:

C:\my_folder\sub_folder\