Detecting when user has dismissed the soft keyboard

It's 2019 now...
So I created a more neat solution with Kotlin

1.Create an extension function:

fun Activity.addKeyboardToggleListener(onKeyboardToggleAction: (shown: Boolean) -> Unit): KeyboardToggleListener? {
    val root = findViewById<View>(android.R.id.content)
    val listener = KeyboardToggleListener(root, onKeyboardToggleAction)
    return root?.viewTreeObserver?.run {
        addOnGlobalLayoutListener(listener)
        listener
    }
}

2.Where the toggle listener is:

open class KeyboardToggleListener(
        private val root: View?,
        private val onKeyboardToggleAction: (shown: Boolean) -> Unit
) : ViewTreeObserver.OnGlobalLayoutListener {
    private var shown = false
    override fun onGlobalLayout() {
        root?.run {
            val heightDiff = rootView.height - height
            val keyboardShown = heightDiff > dpToPx(200f)
            if (shown != keyboardShown) {
                onKeyboardToggleAction.invoke(keyboardShown)
                shown = keyboardShown
            }
        }
    }
}

fun View.dpToPx(dp: Float) = TypedValue.applyDimension(TypedValue.COMPLEX_UNIT_DIP, dp, resources.displayMetrics).roundToInt()

3.Use it in any Activity as simple as this:

addKeyboardToggleListener {shown ->
          // hurray! Now you know when the keyboard is shown and hidden!!
      }

Using @olivier_sdg's answer, but converted to Kotlin:

class KeyboardEditText : AppCompatEditText {

    var listener: Listener? = null
  
    constructor(context: Context) : super(context)
    constructor(context: Context, attrs: AttributeSet?) : super(context, attrs)
    constructor(context: Context, attrs: AttributeSet?, defStyleAttr: Int) : super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr)
  
    override fun onKeyPreIme(keyCode: Int, event: KeyEvent): Boolean {
        if (event.keyCode == KeyEvent.KEYCODE_BACK && event.action == KeyEvent.ACTION_UP) {
            listener?.onImeBack(this)
        }
        return super.dispatchKeyEvent(event)
    }
  
    interface Listener {
        fun onImeBack(editText: KeyboardEditText)
    }

}

Usage:

keyboardEditText.listener = object : KeyboardEditText.Listener {
    override fun onImeBack(editText: KeyboardEditText) {
        //Back detected
    }
}

For anyone looking to do the same in Xamarin, I've translated some of the top answers as it's a bit different. I created a gist here but summarizing, you create a custom EditText and override OnKeyPreIme like so:

public class CustomEditText : EditText
{
    public event EventHandler BackPressed;

    // ...

    public override bool OnKeyPreIme([GeneratedEnum] Keycode keyCode, KeyEvent e)
    {
        if (e.KeyCode == Keycode.Back && e.Action == KeyEventActions.Up)
        {
            BackPressed?.Invoke(this, new EventArgs());
        }

        return base.OnKeyPreIme(keyCode, e);
    }
}

... and then in the view...

editText = FindViewById<CustomEditText>(Resource.Id.MyEditText);
editText.BackPressed += (s, e) => 
{
    // <insert code here>
};

hideSoftInputFromWindow returns true when keyboard closes use it's value to detect keyboard close in android

InputMethodManager imm = (InputMethodManager) getContext().getSystemService(Context.INPUT_METHOD_SERVICE);

        if (imm.hideSoftInputFromWindow(findFocus().getWindowToken(),
                InputMethodManager.HIDE_NOT_ALWAYS)) {
            //keyboard is closed now do what you need here
        }

Koltin solution which works in landscape mode as well (onKeyPreIme was not being called if user press Done button in landscape mode):

class CustomEditText(context: Context, attrs: AttributeSet) : AppCompatEditText(context, attrs) {

    override fun onKeyUp(keyCode: Int, event: KeyEvent?): Boolean {
        if ((event?.keyCode == KeyEvent.KEYCODE_ENTER) && (event?.action == KeyEvent.ACTION_UP)) {
            if (hasFocus())
                clearFocus()
        }
        return super.onKeyUp(keyCode, event)
    }

    override fun onKeyPreIme(keyCode: Int, event: KeyEvent?): Boolean {
        if ((event?.keyCode == KeyEvent.KEYCODE_BACK) && (event?.action == KeyEvent.ACTION_UP)) {
            if (hasFocus())
                clearFocus()
        }
        return super.onKeyPreIme(keyCode, event)
    }
}