I am trying to create a mail sending application in Android.
If I use:
Intent emailIntent = new Intent(android.content.Intent.ACTION_SEND);
This will launch the built-in Android application; I'm trying to send the mail on button click directly without using this application.
Send e-mail in Android using the JavaMail API using Gmail authentication.
MailSenderActivity.java:
public class MailSenderActivity extends Activity {
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
final Button send = (Button) this.findViewById(R.id.send);
send.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(View v) {
try {
GMailSender sender = new GMailSender("username@gmail.com", "password");
sender.sendMail("This is Subject",
"This is Body",
"user@gmail.com",
"user@yahoo.com");
} catch (Exception e) {
Log.e("SendMail", e.getMessage(), e);
}
}
});
}
}
GMailSender.java:
public class GMailSender extends javax.mail.Authenticator {
private String mailhost = "smtp.gmail.com";
private String user;
private String password;
private Session session;
static {
Security.addProvider(new com.provider.JSSEProvider());
}
public GMailSender(String user, String password) {
this.user = user;
this.password = password;
Properties props = new Properties();
props.setProperty("mail.transport.protocol", "smtp");
props.setProperty("mail.host", mailhost);
props.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true");
props.put("mail.smtp.port", "465");
props.put("mail.smtp.socketFactory.port", "465");
props.put("mail.smtp.socketFactory.class",
"javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory");
props.put("mail.smtp.socketFactory.fallback", "false");
props.setProperty("mail.smtp.quitwait", "false");
session = Session.getDefaultInstance(props, this);
}
protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
return new PasswordAuthentication(user, password);
}
public synchronized void sendMail(String subject, String body, String sender, String recipients) throws Exception {
try{
MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(session);
DataHandler handler = new DataHandler(new ByteArrayDataSource(body.getBytes(), "text/plain"));
message.setSender(new InternetAddress(sender));
message.setSubject(subject);
message.setDataHandler(handler);
if (recipients.indexOf(',') > 0)
message.setRecipients(Message.RecipientType.TO, InternetAddress.parse(recipients));
else
message.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(recipients));
Transport.send(message);
}catch(Exception e){
}
}
public class ByteArrayDataSource implements DataSource {
private byte[] data;
private String type;
public ByteArrayDataSource(byte[] data, String type) {
super();
this.data = data;
this.type = type;
}
public ByteArrayDataSource(byte[] data) {
super();
this.data = data;
}
public void setType(String type) {
this.type = type;
}
public String getContentType() {
if (type == null)
return "application/octet-stream";
else
return type;
}
public InputStream getInputStream() throws IOException {
return new ByteArrayInputStream(data);
}
public String getName() {
return "ByteArrayDataSource";
}
public OutputStream getOutputStream() throws IOException {
throw new IOException("Not Supported");
}
}
}
JSSEProvider.java:
/*
* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
* contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
* The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
* (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
* the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
/**
* @author Alexander Y. Kleymenov
* @version $Revision$
*/
import java.security.AccessController;
import java.security.Provider;
public final class JSSEProvider extends Provider {
public JSSEProvider() {
super("HarmonyJSSE", 1.0, "Harmony JSSE Provider");
AccessController.doPrivileged(new java.security.PrivilegedAction<Void>() {
public Void run() {
put("SSLContext.TLS",
"org.apache.harmony.xnet.provider.jsse.SSLContextImpl");
put("Alg.Alias.SSLContext.TLSv1", "TLS");
put("KeyManagerFactory.X509",
"org.apache.harmony.xnet.provider.jsse.KeyManagerFactoryImpl");
put("TrustManagerFactory.X509",
"org.apache.harmony.xnet.provider.jsse.TrustManagerFactoryImpl");
return null;
}
});
}
}
ADD 3 jars found in the following link to your Android Project
Click here - How to add External Jars
And don't forget to add this line in your manifest:
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
Just click below link to change account access for less secure apps https://www.google.com/settings/security/lesssecureapps
Run the project and check your recipient mail account for the mail. Cheers!
P.S. And don't forget that you cannot do network operation from any Activity in android.
Hence it is recommended to use AsyncTask or IntentService to avoid network on main thread exception.
Jar files: https://code.google.com/archive/p/javamail-android/
You can use JavaMail API to handle your email tasks. JavaMail API is available in JavaEE package and its jar is available for download. Sadly it cannot be used directly in an Android application since it uses AWT components which are completely incompatible in Android.
You can find the Android port for JavaMail at the following location: http://code.google.com/p/javamail-android/
Add the jars to your application and use the SMTP method
Using SMTP is one way to go, and the others have already pointed out ways how to do it. Just note that while doing this, you completely circumvent the built in mail app, and you will have to provide the address of the SMTP server, the user name and password for that server, either statically in your code, or query it from the user.
Another way would involve a simple server side script, like php, that takes some URL parameters and uses them to send a mail. This way, you only need to make an HTTP request from the device (easily possible with the built in libraries) and don't need to store the SMTP login data on the device. This is one more indirection compared to direct SMTP usage, but because it's so very easy to make HTTP request and send mails from PHP, it might even be simpler than the direct way.
If the mail shall be send from the users default mail account that he already registered with the phone, you'd have to take some other approach. If you have enough time and experience, you might want to check the source code of the Android Email application to see if it offers some entry point to send a mail without user interaction (I don't know, but maybe there is one).
Maybe you even find a way to query the users account details (so you can use them for SMTP), though I highly doubt that this is possible, because it would be a huge security risk and Android is built rather securely.
Sending email programmatically with Kotlin.
I also found this list of email POP services really helpful:
How to use:
val auth = EmailService.UserPassAuthenticator("you@gmail.com", "yourPassword")
val to = listOf(InternetAddress("to@email.com"))
val from = InternetAddress("you@gmail.com")
val email = EmailService.Email(auth, to, from, "Test Subject", "Hello Body World")
val emailService = EmailService("smtp.gmail.com", 465)
GlobalScope.launch { // or however you do background threads
emailService.send(email)
}
The code:
import java.util.*
import javax.mail.*
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress
import javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart
class EmailService(private val server: String, private val port: Int) {
data class Email(
val auth: Authenticator,
val toList: List<InternetAddress>,
val from: Address,
val subject: String,
val body: String
)
class UserPassAuthenticator(private val username: String, private val password: String) : Authenticator() {
override fun getPasswordAuthentication(): PasswordAuthentication {
return PasswordAuthentication(username, password)
}
}
fun send(email: Email) {
val props = Properties()
props["mail.smtp.auth"] = "true"
props["mail.user"] = email.from
props["mail.smtp.host"] = server
props["mail.smtp.port"] = port
props["mail.smtp.starttls.enable"] = "true"
props["mail.smtp.ssl.trust"] = server
props["mail.mime.charset"] = "UTF-8"
val msg: Message = MimeMessage(Session.getDefaultInstance(props, email.auth))
msg.setFrom(email.from)
msg.sentDate = Calendar.getInstance().time
msg.setRecipients(Message.RecipientType.TO, email.toList.toTypedArray())
// msg.setRecipients(Message.RecipientType.CC, email.ccList.toTypedArray())
// msg.setRecipients(Message.RecipientType.BCC, email.bccList.toTypedArray())
msg.replyTo = arrayOf(email.from)
msg.addHeader("X-Mailer", CLIENT_NAME)
msg.addHeader("Precedence", "bulk")
msg.subject = email.subject
msg.setContent(MimeMultipart().apply {
addBodyPart(MimeBodyPart().apply {
setText(email.body, "iso-8859-1")
//setContent(email.htmlBody, "text/html; charset=UTF-8")
})
})
Transport.send(msg)
}
companion object {
const val CLIENT_NAME = "Android StackOverflow programmatic email"
}
}
Gradle:
dependencies {
implementation 'com.sun.mail:android-mail:1.6.4'
implementation "org.jetbrains.kotlinx:kotlinx-coroutines-core:1.3.3"
}
AndroidManifest:
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
Here are a lot solutions. However I think we must change the configuration of the GMail to allow accessing from less secure devices. Go to the link below and enable it. It works for me
For those who want to use JavaMail with Kotlin in 2020:
implementation 'com.sun.mail:android-mail:1.6.5'
implementation 'com.sun.mail:android-activation:1.6.5'
implementation "org.bouncycastle:bcmail-jdk15on:1.65"
implementation "org.jetbrains.kotlinx:kotlinx-coroutines-core:1.3.7"
implementation "org.jetbrains.kotlinx:kotlinx-coroutines-android:1.3.7"
BouncyCastle is for security reasons.
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE" />
object Config {
const val EMAIL_FROM = "You_Sender_Email@email.com"
const val PASS_FROM = "Your_Sender_Password"
const val EMAIL_TO = "Your_Destination_Email@email.com"
}
object Mailer {
init {
Security.addProvider(BouncyCastleProvider())
}
private fun props(): Properties = Properties().also {
// Smtp server
it["mail.smtp.host"] = "smtp.gmail.com"
// Change when necessary
it["mail.smtp.auth"] = "true"
it["mail.smtp.port"] = "465"
// Easy and fast way to enable ssl in JavaMail
it["mail.smtp.ssl.enable"] = true
}
// Dont ever use "getDefaultInstance" like other examples do!
private fun session(emailFrom: String, emailPass: String): Session = Session.getInstance(props(), object : Authenticator() {
override fun getPasswordAuthentication(): PasswordAuthentication {
return PasswordAuthentication(emailFrom, emailPass)
}
})
private fun builtMessage(firstName: String, surName: String): String {
return """
<b>Name:</b> $firstName <br/>
<b>Surname:</b> $surName <br/>
""".trimIndent()
}
private fun builtSubject(issue: String, firstName: String, surName: String):String {
return """
$issue | $firstName, $surName
""".trimIndent()
}
private fun sendMessageTo(emailFrom: String, session: Session, message: String, subject: String) {
try {
MimeMessage(session).let { mime ->
mime.setFrom(InternetAddress(emailFrom))
// Adding receiver
mime.addRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, InternetAddress(Config.EMAIL_TO))
// Adding subject
mime.subject = subject
// Adding message
mime.setText(message)
// Set Content of Message to Html if needed
mime.setContent(message, "text/html")
// send mail
Transport.send(mime)
}
} catch (e: MessagingException) {
Log.e("","") // Or use timber, it really doesn't matter
}
}
fun sendMail(firstName: String, surName: String) {
// Open a session
val session = session(Config.EMAIL_FROM, Config.PASSWORD_FROM)
// Create a message
val message = builtMessage(firstName, surName)
// Create subject
val subject = builtSubject(firstName, surName)
// Send Email
CoroutineScope(Dispatchers.IO).launch { sendMessageTo(Config.EMAIL_FROM, session, message, subject) }
}
package io.formics.tourguide
import android.annotation.SuppressLint
import android.content.Intent
import android.net.Credentials
import android.net.Uri
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity
import android.os.Bundle
import android.util.Log
import android.widget.Toast
import kotlinx.android.synthetic.main.activity_feedback.*
import org.jetbrains.annotations.Async
import java.lang.Exception
import java.util.Properties;
import javax.activation.DataHandler;
import javax.activation.FileDataSource
import javax.mail.*
import javax.mail.internet.*
class FeedbackActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
val props = Properties()
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
setContentView(R.layout.activity_feedback)
props.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true");
props.put("mail.smtp.starttls.enable", "true");
props.put("mail.smtp.host", "smtp.gmail.com");
props.put("mail.smtp.port", "587");
btnSendEmail.setOnClickListener {
Thread {
try {
sendEmail()
// Your implementation
} catch (ex: Exception) {
ex.printStackTrace()
}
}.start()
}
}
private fun sendEmail() {
try {
val session = Session.getInstance(props,
object : javax.mail.Authenticator() {
//Authenticating the password
override fun getPasswordAuthentication(): javax.mail.PasswordAuthentication {
return PasswordAuthentication("abc@xyz.com", "password")
}
})
val message = MimeMessage(session);
message.setFrom(InternetAddress("abc@xyz.com"));
message.setRecipients(
Message.RecipientType.TO,
InternetAddress.parse(editCC.text.toString())
)
message.subject = editSubject.text.toString()
message.setText(
"Dear Mail Crawler,"
+ "\n\n No spam to my email, please!"
);
//val messageBodyPart = MimeBodyPart();
//val multipart = MimeMultipart();
//val file = "path of file to be attached";
// val fileName = "attachmentName"
// val source = FileDataSource(file);
//messageBodyPart.setDataHandler(DataHandler(source));
//messageBodyPart.setFileName(fileName);
//multipart.addBodyPart(messageBodyPart);
//message.setContent(multipart);
Transport.send(message);
System.out.println("Done");
} catch (e: MessagingException) {
throw RuntimeException(e);
}
}
}