I'm interested in writing a chess engine (mostly as a learning exercise) and would be interested in any resources that people know of that could be of interest or use, anything really: Papers, Books, Theory, Tutorials, anything that could be useful.
4 Answers
From my archives:
- This is a useful chess programming wiki.
- This is a simple introduction to chess programming.
- This is a (free) book on chess algorithms.
- This contains several easy step-by-step YouTube tutorial series' ranging from beginner to advanced level.
- This is a more advanced introduction.
- This is Adam Berent's interesting computer chess blog.
- This is a good analysis of MTD(f), an interesting search algorithm.
- This is a good guide to validation of move generation.
- This is lots of good information on the Rebel chess engine.
- This is lots of good information on the Dark Thought chess engine.
- Good information and source code for the Monsoon chess engine.
- These are more notes on chess programming.
- A reasonable introduction to rotated bitboards.
- A reasonable introduction to magic bitboards.
- A reasonable introduction to late move reductions.
- A look at null-move pruning.
- A collection of position sets for testing purposes.
- Here is an old report from 2 students who wrote a chess program.
- A bunch of miscellaneous chess programming links.
- Finally, here is Wikipedia's take on computer chess.
When creating my chess engine I spent months trying to collect good resources that describe some of the harder aspects of creating a chess game. Here is a list of the ones I found most useful:
Chess Programming by François Dominic Laramée
This is the article that got me into computer chess, It is a great overview of how computers play chess. It is extremely easy to read and it will introduce you to all the terms and keywords.
Computer chess wiki, this has really expanded over the last few months. It is an excellent resource for reference material.
https://www.chessprogramming.org/Main_Page
Louis Kessler's Computer Chess Links
Once you go through the above resources the remainder can be found at the following links page.
http://www.lkessler.com/cclinks.shtml
Last but not least I write a Computer Chess Blog that takes you through all the steps of writing a chess engine in C# from scratch, it includes a computer chess links section and a chess game starter kit.
Adam Berent
This is basically in the field of Artificial Intelligence (AI).
The most common way to make a computer "think" in chess game is using the mini-max method where computer "think" by analyzing the results from making different moves ahead of time from the current state.
The "goodness" of results from different moves can be determine from many criteria such as score, number of enemies left, winning state, for example. For instance, if you move the player to the right and you win the game, that's a very good state. But if you move it to the left you get nothing. It is reasonable to move to the right. This function that define "goodness" is usually called Heuristic Function.
This process is done recursively for many turns. The greater the number of turns, the more time you will need. And the greater the number of turns, the more intelligent your software is. Thinking ahead in only one turn may only result in greedy selection. Intelligent chess software has great heuristic function and think ahead in many turns.
ps. There are some details of mini-max algorithm I didn't explain here but this should cover the basic idea.
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