Use :root in Shadow DOM

tcvduc 0
Viewed 40
  • I have been working on Shadow DOM and then I meet a problem.
  • I use the :root {} syntax to declare some CSS variables . But unfortunately, it does not work.
  • Here is my code

  • On 1.html

    <!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8" />
  <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge" />
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
  <title>Shadow DOM</title>
</head>
<body>
  <square-element></square-element>
  <script src="./1.js"></script>
</body>

  • On 1.js:

    const htmlCode = `
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8" />
  <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge" />
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
  <title>HTML Shadow DOM</title>
  <style>
    * {
      box-sizing: border-box;
      margin: 0;
      padding: 24px;
    }

    :root {
      --bg-color: cornflowerblue;
    }

    body {
      width: 100%;
      height: 100vh;
      background-color: antiquewhite;
    }

    .square {
      width: 500px;
      height: 500px;
      border: 5px solid #000;
      background-color: var(--bg-color);
    }
  </style>
</head>
<body>
  <div class="square"></div>
</body>
</html>`;

customElements.define(
"square-element",
class extends HTMLElement {
  connectedCallback() {
    const shadow = this.attachShadow({ mode: "open" });

    shadow.innerHTML = htmlCode;
  }
});
  • Can I use CSS :root {} to decalre some varibales in Shadow DOM?
shadow-dom javascript css html
1 Answers

  • shadowDOM is a DocumentFragment
    Unlike IFRAMEs, you can't dump a whole <html> construct in there

  • :root is to be used in Documents

  • :host is used from inside a shadowRoot, to target the host element <square-element>

  • :host/<square-element> itself is a (inline-block) container element;
    no need to add an extra <div> inside as 'container' element

<square-element>1</square-element>
<square-element selected>2</square-element>
<square-element color="purple">3</square-element>

<style>
  :root {
    --border-color: grey;
  }
</style>

<script>
  customElements.define( "square-element", class extends HTMLElement {
      constructor() {
        super().attachShadow({mode:"open"}).innerHTML = 
        `<style>
          :host {
            --bg-color: ${this.getAttribute("color") || "teal"}; 
            display:inline-block;
            width:  100px; 
            height: 100px;
            border: 5px solid var( --border-color , red  );
            background-color: var( --bg-color     , pink );
            border-radius: var(--radius,20px);
            font:30px Arial;
            text-align:center;
            color:beige;
          }
          :host([selected]) { --bg-color: green }
          :host([color])    { --radius: 50px }
          :host(:hover)     { --border-color: gold; cursor: grab }
        </style><slot></slot>`;
      }
    });
</script>

Danny '365CSI' Engelman0
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