You can use dir(module) to see all available methods/attributes. Also check out PyDocs.

Use the inspect module:

from inspect import getmembers, isfunction

from somemodule import foo
print(getmembers(foo, isfunction))

Also see the pydoc module, the help() function in the interactive interpreter and the pydoc command-line tool which generates the documentation you are after. You can just give them the class you wish to see the documentation of. They can also generate, for instance, HTML output and write it to disk.

Once you've imported the module, you can just do:

help(modulename)

... To get the docs on all the functions at once, interactively. Or you can use:

dir(modulename)

... To simply list the names of all the functions and variables defined in the module.

Use inspect.getmembers to get all the variables/classes/functions etc. in a module, and pass in inspect.isfunction as the predicate to get just the functions:

from inspect import getmembers, isfunction
from my_project import my_module
    
functions_list = getmembers(my_module, isfunction)

getmembers returns a list of tuples (object_name, object) sorted alphabetically by name.

You can replace isfunction with any of the other isXXX functions in the inspect module.

import types
import yourmodule

print([getattr(yourmodule, a) for a in dir(yourmodule)
  if isinstance(getattr(yourmodule, a), types.FunctionType)])

This will do the trick:

dir(module) 

However, if you find it annoying to read the returned list, just use the following loop to get one name per line.

for i in dir(module): print i

dir(module) is the standard way when using a script or the standard interpreter, as mentioned in most answers.

However with an interactive python shell like IPython you can use tab-completion to get an overview of all objects defined in the module. This is much more convenient, than using a script and print to see what is defined in the module.

• module.<tab> will show you all objects defined in the module (functions, classes and so on)
• module.ClassX.<tab> will show you the methods and attributes of a class
• module.function_xy? or module.ClassX.method_xy? will show you the docstring of that function / method
• module.function_x?? or module.SomeClass.method_xy?? will show you the source code of the function / method.

Finding the names (and callable objects) in the current script __main__

I was trying to create a standalone python script that used only the standard library to find functions in the current file with the prefix task_ to create a minimal homebrewed version of what npm run provides.

TL;DR

If you are running a standalone script you want to run inspect.getmembers on the module which is defined in sys.modules['__main__']. Eg,

inspect.getmembers(sys.modules['__main__'], inspect.isfunction)

But I wanted to filter the list of methods by prefix and strip the prefix to create a lookup dictionary.

def _inspect_tasks():
    import inspect
    return { f[0].replace('task_', ''): f[1] 
        for f in inspect.getmembers(sys.modules['__main__'], inspect.isfunction)
        if f[0].startswith('task_')
    }

Example Output:

{
 'install': <function task_install at 0x105695940>,
 'dev': <function task_dev at 0x105695b80>,
 'test': <function task_test at 0x105695af0>
}

Longer Version

I wanted the names of the methods to define CLI task names without having to repeat myself.

./tasks.py

#!/usr/bin/env python3
import sys
from subprocess import run

def _inspect_tasks():
    import inspect
    return { f[0].replace('task_', ''): f[1] 
        for f in inspect.getmembers(sys.modules['__main__'], inspect.isfunction)
        if f[0].startswith('task_')
    }

def _cmd(command, args):
    return run(command.split(" ") + args)

def task_install(args):
    return _cmd("python3 -m pip install -r requirements.txt -r requirements-dev.txt --upgrade", args)

def task_test(args):
    return _cmd("python3 -m pytest", args)

def task_dev(args):
    return _cmd("uvicorn api.v1:app", args)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    tasks = _inspect_tasks()

    if len(sys.argv) >= 2 and sys.argv[1] in tasks.keys():
        tasks[sys.argv[1]](sys.argv[2:])
    else:
        print(f"Must provide a task from the following: {list(tasks.keys())}")

Example no arguments:

λ ./tasks.py
Must provide a task from the following: ['install', 'dev', 'test']

Example running test with extra arguments:

λ ./tasks.py test -qq
s.ssss.sF..Fs.sssFsss..ssssFssFs....s.s    

You get the point. As my projects get more and more involved, it's going to be easier to keep a script up to date than to keep the README up to date and I can abstract it down to just:

./tasks.py install
./tasks.py dev
./tasks.py test
./tasks.py publish
./tasks.py logs

import sys
from inspect import getmembers, isfunction
fcn_list = [o[0] for o in getmembers(sys.modules[__name__], isfunction)]

Use vars(module) then filter out anything that isn't a function using inspect.isfunction:

import inspect
import my_module

my_module_functions = [f for _, f in vars(my_module).values() if inspect.isfunction(f)]

The advantage of vars over dir or inspect.getmembers is that it returns the functions in the order they were defined instead of sorted alphabetically.

Also, this will include functions that are imported by my_module, if you want to filter those out to get only functions that are defined in my_module, see my question Get all defined functions in Python module.

You can use the following method to get list all the functions in your module from shell:

import module

module.*?

r = globals()
sep = '\n'+100*'*'+'\n' # To make it clean to read.
for k in list(r.keys()):
    try:
        if str(type(r[k])).count('function'):
            print(sep+k + ' : \n' + str(r[k].__doc__))
    except Exception as e:
        print(e)

Output :

******************************************************************************************
GetNumberOfWordsInTextFile : 

    Calcule et retourne le nombre de mots d'un fichier texte
    :param path_: le chemin du fichier à analyser
    :return: le nombre de mots du fichier

******************************************************************************************

    write_in : 

        Ecrit les donnees (2nd arg) dans un fichier txt (path en 1st arg) en mode a,
        :param path_: le path du fichier texte
        :param data_: la liste des données à écrire ou un bloc texte directement
        :return: None


 ******************************************************************************************
    write_in_as_w : 

            Ecrit les donnees (2nd arg) dans un fichier txt (path en 1st arg) en mode w,
            :param path_: le path du fichier texte
            :param data_: la liste des données à écrire ou un bloc texte directement
            :return: None

The Python documentation provides the perfect solution for this which uses the built-in function dir.

You can just use dir(module_name) and then it will return a list of the functions within that module.

For example, dir(time) will return

['_STRUCT_TM_ITEMS', '__doc__', '__loader__', '__name__', '__package__', '__spec__', 'altzone', 'asctime', 'ctime', 'daylight', 'get_clock_info', 'gmtime', 'localtime', 'mktime', 'monotonic', 'monotonic_ns', 'perf_counter', 'perf_counter_ns', 'process_time', 'process_time_ns', 'sleep', 'strftime', 'strptime', 'struct_time', 'time', 'time_ns', 'timezone', 'tzname', 'tzset']

which is the list of functions the 'time' module contains.

This will append all the functions that are defined in your_module in a list.

result=[]
for i in dir(your_module):
    if type(getattr(your_module, i)).__name__ == "function":
        result.append(getattr(your_module, i))

If you want to get the list of all the functions defined in the current file, you can do it that way:

# Get this script's name.
import os
script_name = os.path.basename(__file__).rstrip(".py")

# Import it from its path so that you can use it as a Python object.
import importlib.util
spec = importlib.util.spec_from_file_location(script_name, __file__)
x = importlib.util.module_from_spec(spec)
spec.loader.exec_module(x)

# List the functions defined in it.
from inspect import getmembers, isfunction
list_of_functions = getmembers(x, isfunction)

As an application example, I use that for calling all the functions defined in my unit testing scripts.

This is a combination of codes adapted from the answers of Thomas Wouters and adrian here, and from Sebastian Rittau on a different question.